Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
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Investigation of Coat Color Candidate Genes in Korean Cattle(Hanwoo)

한우에서 모색관련 유전자 변이에 관한 연구

  • Do, K.T. (Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Shin, H.Y. (Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, J.H. (Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, N.S. (Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Park, E.W. (National Livestock Research Institute, RDA) ;
  • Yoon, D.H. (National Livestock Research Institute, RDA) ;
  • Kim, K.S. (Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University)
  • 도경탁 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 축산학과) ;
  • 신희영 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 축산학과) ;
  • 이종혁 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 축산학과) ;
  • 김내수 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 축산학과) ;
  • 박응우 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 윤두학 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 김관석 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 축산학과)
  • Published : 2007.12.31
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Abstract

Most cattle breeds have a coat color pattern that is characteristic for the breed. Korean cattle(Hanwoo) has a coat color ranging from yellowish brown to dark brown including a red coat color. Variation in the Hanwoo coat color is likely to be the effects of modified genes segregating within the Hanwoo breed. MC1R encoded by the Extension(E) locus was almost fixed with recessive red e allele in the Hanwoo, but other gene(s) might be affecting the variation of the Hanwoo coat color into yellowish to red brown. We have analyzed a segregation of coat color in the F2 families generated from two Hanwoo bulls(yellowish brown) mated to six F1 dams(black) derived from Hanwoo and Holstein crosses. Segregation of coat color in the offspring found a ratio of 1(yellowish brown) : 1(black) and this ratio indicates that a single gene may play a major role for the Hanwoo coat color. We further investigated SNPs in MC1R, ASIP and TYRP1 loci to determine genetic cause of the Hanwoo coat color. Several polymorphisms within ASIP intron 2 and TYRP1 exons were found but not conserved within the Hanwoo population. However, the segregation of the MC1R e allele was completely associated with the Hanwoo coat color. Based on this information, it is clear that the MC1R e allele is mainly responsible for the yellowish red Hanwoo coat color. Further study is warrant to identify possible genetic interaction between MC1R e allele and other coat color related gene(s) for the variation of Hanwoo coat color from yellowish brown to dark brown. (Key words : Hanwoo, Coat color, SNP, MC1R, ASIP, TYRP1)

본 연구는 한우의 모색발현에 정확히 어떤 유전자가 어떤 유전기작에 의해 관여하고 있는가를 규명하고자 황갈색의 모색을 지닌 한우와 검정모색을 지닌 홀스타인과의 교배를 통해 만든 F2집단의 DNA를 이용하여, MC1R, ASIP 및 TYRP1 유전자형과 한우모색 발현양상을 연관분석 하였으며, 또 한우 집단내에서의 이들 유전자형 빈도를 조사하여 황갈색 한우모색 다양성과 후보유전자 변이의 연관성연구에 필요한 정보를 제공하고자 하였다. MC1R 유전자의 경우 황갈색을 지닌 3두의 유전자형은 모두 e/e 형으로 밝혀졌으며, 검정모색을 지니고 태어난 나머지 3두의 두 좌위에서의 유전자형은 ED/e임을 확인하였는데 황갈색과 검정모색의 비율이 1:1로 나온다는 것은 MC1R 단일유전자가 한우의 모색에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. MC1R 이외의 모색발현에 영향을 줄 수 있는 ASIP와 TYRP1 유전자들은 F2 집단에서 염기서열을 분석한 결과 이들 유전자들이 한우 황갈색모색에 주된 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 TYRP1 유전자에서 발견된 329번 (Glu329Lys) 아미노산 변이는 TYRP1 단백질의 구조와 화학적 성질에 영향을 줄 수 있는 것으로 사료되어 한우집단에서 황갈색바탕의 모색변이에 영향을 줄 수 있는지에 대한 추가적인 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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  1. Comparison of the Microsatellite and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Methods for Discriminating among Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle), Imported, and Crossbred Beef in Korea vol.34, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2014.34.6.763