Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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The Influences of Grouping Method on Science Achievement and Self-efficacy in Middle School Science Instruction Using Reciprocal Peer Tutoring Strategy

상호동료교수 전략을 활용한 중학교 과학 수업에서 소집단 구성 방법이 과학 성취도 및 자아효능감에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2007.04.30
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Abstract

This study investigated the influences of reciprocal peer tutoring (RPT) strategy on middle school students' science achievement, self-efficacy, perception of instruction by grouping method and science achievement level. Eighth graders from a middle school in Seoul were assigned to comparison, homogeneous RPT, and heterogeneous RPT groups. The students were taught about 'separation of mixtures' for 8 class hours. After the instructions, a science achievement test consisting of three subtests (knowledge, understanding, and application), a self-efficacy test, and a questionnaire about the perception of instruction were administered. The analysis of the results revealed that the scores of heterogeneous RPT group, regardless of the students prior science achievement level, were significantly higher than those of the other groups in the knowledge and understanding subtests, and the self-efficacy test. The scores of homogeneous RPT group were significantly higher than those of the comparison group in the knowledge subtest but not in the understanding subtest and the self-efficacy test. The low-level students in heterogeneous RPT group performed better in the science achievement test and the application subtest than those in the other groups. The high-level students in RPT groups performed better in the science achievement test than those in comparison group. However, there was no significant difference for the application subtest scores of the high-level students of the three groups. Most students in RPT groups perceived positively on the instructions. The students in heterogeneous RPT group and low-level students especially showed more positive perception of the instruction than those in homogeneous RPT group and high-level students.

이 연구는 소집단 구성 방법 및 학생들의 과학 성취 수준에 따라 상호동료교수(RPT) 전략이 중학생들의 과학 성취도, 자아효능감, 수업에 대한 인식에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 서울시에 있는 중학교 2학년 학생 88명을 비교 집단, 동질 RPT 집단, 이질 RPT 집단으로 배치한 후, '혼합물의 분리' 단원에 대하여 8차시 동안 수엽을 실시하였다. 수업 처치 후, 세 하위 영역(지식, 이해, 적용)으로 구성된 과학 성취도, 자아효능감과 수업에 대한 인식 검사를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 사전 과학 성취 수준에 관계없이 이질 RPT 집단의 지식과 이해 및 자아효능감 점수가 다른 집단의 점수들보다 높았고, 이들 점수 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하였다. 동질 RPT 집단의 지식 영역 점수는 비교 집단보다 유의미한 점수 차이로 높았으나, 이해 영역과 자아효능감에서는 비교 집단과 유의미한 점수차이가 없었다. 과학 성취도와 적용 영역에서는 하위 학생들의 경우 이질 RPT 집단의 점수가 다른 집단보다 높았고, 이들 점수 차이가 유의미하였다. 상위 학생들의 경우에는 RPT 집단의 과학 성취도 점수가 비교 집단보다 유의미한 점수 차이로 높았으나, 적용 영역에서는 세 집단 간 점수 차이가 유의마하지 않았다. RPT 집단의 학생들은 대체로 수업에 대해 긍정적으로 인식하고 있었고, 특히 동질 RPT 집단보다 이질 RPT 집단의 학생들이, 상위 학생들보다 하위 학생들이 수업에 대해 좀 더 긍정적이었다.

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