KSBB Journal

The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (한국생물공학회)
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Toxicity Monitoring and Assessment of Nanoparticles Using Bacteria

박테리아를 이용한 나노입자의 독성평가 및 탐지

  • Hwang, Ee-Taek (College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Il (Nano-Devices Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Sang, Byoung-In (Center for Environmental Technology Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Gu, Man-Bock (College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University)
  • 황이택 (고려대학교 생명과학대학) ;
  • 이정일 (한국과학기술연구원 나노소자연구센터) ;
  • 상병인 (한국과학기술연구원 환경기술연구단) ;
  • 구만복 (고려대학교 생명과학대학)
  • Published : 2007.12.31
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Abstract

Nanomaterials have been applied to various fields due to their advantageous characteristics such as high surface area, rapid diffusion, high specific surface areas, reactivity in liquid or gas phase, and a size close to biomacromolecules. Up to date, increased manufacturing and frequently use of the materials, however, revoke people's concerns on their hazard impact including toxicity the materials. Many research groups have carried out different protocols to evaluate toxic effects of nanomaterilas on different organisms, and consequently, nanomaterials are known to cytotoxicity. In this paper, we reviewed some of the most reports on toxic effects of several nanoparticles specifically on bacteria. There are numbers of reports focused on antibacterial effect of nanoparticles based on bacterial cell viability. Therefore, the application of each nanomaterial should be concerned with its toxicity and its toxic effect should be evaluated in terms of concentrations and sizes of the nanomaterials used, prior to use of a nanomaterial.

지금까지 우리는 몇 가지 나노입자에 대한 박테리아를 이용한 독성평가 및 탐지 연구 사례를 보았다. 이들은 주로 세포의 생장과 관련하여, 그 평가가 이루어졌고, silver nanoparticles과 같이 그 메커니즘을 밟히기 위해 좀 더 진행이 된 것 또한 있었다. 그러나 아직 그 연구 수준은 매우 미비한 상태이다. 위에서 살펴 본 대부분의 나노입자의 경우 산화적 손상과 밀접한 관련이 있어 보인다. 이것은 나노입자로부터 발생할 이온들에 의해 혹은 나노입자가 박테리아와 작용하여 세포막표면에 직접 달라붙는 현상들에 의해, 일어나는 것이 아닌가 하는 생각을 하게 한다. 그리고 이러한 결과들을 통하여, 나노입자의 독성 경로를 어느 정도 예측할 수 있을 것이다. 확실히 밝혀내지 못한 이러한 독성 경로에 대한 연구가 더 활발히 진행되어야 할 것이다. 나노물질의 많은 장점으로 인하여, 이미 많은 항균성 나노물질이 생산되어 이용되었지만 앞으로 새롭게 합성될 숫자는 우리가 예상할 수 없을 만큼 늘어날 것이라고 생각한다. 그리고 우리는 이들의 무분별한 사용으로 인한 부작용에 다시 한번 놀라게 될 것이고, 그들의 독성에 대해서 걱정할 것이다. 우리는 이들 나노물질에 대해서 단순한 세포 생장 연구를 벗어나, 그 독성 메커니즘을 밝히는 연구 또한 동시에 진행해야 할 것이다. 그것은 동물이나 사람세포의 독성경로 파악에도 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있고, 나노물질의 이용으로 인한 폐해를 막을 수 있는 중요한 방법이 될 수 있는 것이다.

Keywords

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