Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Reproductive Factor and Food Intake Pattern Influencing on the Breast Cancer Risk in Daegu${\cdot}$Gyungbuk Area, Korea

대구${\cdot}$경북지역 유방암 위험에 영향 미치는 생식적 요인 및 식품섭취 패턴

  • Lee, Eun-Ju (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Beautiful Aging, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Suh, Su-Won (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Beautiful Aging, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Won-Kee (Health Promotion Research Center, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Hye-Sung (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Beautiful Aging, Kyungpook National University)
  • 이은주 (경북대학교 식품영양학과, 장수생활과학연구소) ;
  • 서수원 (경북대학교 식품영양학과, 장수생활과학연구소) ;
  • 이원기 (경북대학교 건강증진연구소) ;
  • 이혜성 (경북대학교 식품영양학과, 장수생활과학연구소)
  • Published : 2007.06.30
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Abstract

The present study examined the reproductive factors and food intake pattern which influence on the breast cancer risk in Daegu${\cdot}$Gyungbuk area. The case subjects were 103 patients newly diagnosed as breast cancer at Kyungpook National University Hospital. The control subjects were 159 healthy women selected by frequency matching of age and menopausal status in the same community. The survey was conducted by individual interviews using questionnaires which include general and reproductive characteristics, dietary habits, and food frequency. The odds ratios were calculated by using unconditional logistic regression after adjusting for confounding variables. The mean age of the subjects was 50 yrs, and mean body mass index was significantly high in the patient group than in the control. The patient group had a significantly higher familial history of breast cancer and a significantly shorter breast-feeding period compared to the control group. It has been found no significant relationship between extrinsic hormone use such as oral contraceptives or estrogen replacement therapy and breast cancer risk. In regard of food habits, a high preference for the cooking method of steaming rather than frying, panbroiling or roasting was significantly associated with lower relative risk of breast cancer. The higher intake frequencies of fruits for all subjects, and seaweeds only for postmenopausal subjects were related with a significantly lower relative risk of breast cancer. The results of the study suggest that the possible risk factors for the breast cancer occurrence include high BMI, family history, less breast feeding experience, preference for the cooking method of frying, and less consumption of fruits and seaweeds. This study provides an useful data for nutrition education to prevent breast cancer for the residents in Daegu${\cdot}$Gyungbuk area.

본 연구에서는 대구${\cdot}$경북 지역의 103명의 유방암 환자 와 159명의 대조군을 대상으로 생식적 특성과 식품섭취패턴이 유방암 위험에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 조사는 설문지와 식품섭취빈도조사지, 개인 면담을 통하여 실시하였다. 식품섭취패턴에 따른 유방암의 상대적 위험도는 일반특성과 생식특성에서 환자군과 대조군간에 유의한 차이를 보인 요인들을 혼란변수로 통제한 후 산출되었다. 본 연구의 결과 유방암 환자군의 평균 BMI는 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 높았으며 이 차이는 특히 폐경 후 여성에서 현저하였다. 환자군은 유방암 가족력이 유의하게 높았으며 유산경험이 유의적으로 많았고, 모유수유 경험과 총 모유수유기간이 유의적으로 낮았다. 경구피임약과 호르몬 대체요법 등의 외인성 호르몬의 사용과 유방암 사이에는 유의적인 관련성이 나타나지 않았다. 식품섭취패턴과 관련하여서는 찜조리 선호군에 비해 튀김, 구이 조리 선호군에서 위험도가 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 과일류와 해조류의 섭취 빈도가 높을수록 상대적 위험도가 유의적으로 낮았고, 녹황색 및 담색 채소류와 콩류는 섭취빈도가 많을수록 위험도가 낮은 경향을 보였지만 유의적인 결과는 아니었다. 생선류, 육류, 유지류, 유제품류의 섭취빈도에 따른 위험도의 관련성은 나타나지 않았으며, 녹차 커피의 경우는 일주에 2${\sim}$3회 섭취가 위험도를 낮추는 경향을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과 유방암의 위험과 관련된 요인으로는 높은 BMI, 유방암 가족력, 높은 유산 경험과 낮은 모유수유 경험, 짧은 모유수유 기간으로 나타났고, 식품섭취관련 인자로는 튀김 및 볶음, 구이 등의 조리법 선호와 과일과 해조류의 낮은 섭취 빈도가 위험요인으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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