Correlations for Prediction of Non-evaporating Diesel Spray Penetration

Abstract

The prediction of diesel spray penetration has been the subject of several works and intensive investigations are still underway by many researchers. It is required to summarize the correlations developed before 1990 days and to introduce the correlations reported recently in the literature. The existing zero-dimensional models for the prediction of diesel fuel spray penetration can be classified as theoretical and empirical correlations. Of various correlations, the models considered in this paper were selected as based on the evaluation results of previous reviews and the recently published works in the literature. The existing theoretical correlations can be classified into seven categories and the existing empirical ones as two categories in this review. According to the review of existing models, the dominating factors for the prediction of spray tip penetration are the spray angle, discharge coefficient, pressure drop across nozzle, ambient density and orifice diameter and time after the start of injection. Especially, the definition for the measurement of spray angle is different with researchers. It is required to evaluate the existing spray tip penetration models for the very high injection pressure and other fuel sprays such as DME. It is also required to evaluate the correlations for the prediction of diesel spray penetration with the connection of liquid-phase penetration.

Keywords

• Diesel spray penetration;
• DME;
• Liquid-phase penetraution