Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Ecology of the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratmyidae) in Korea

국내 서식하는 아메리카동애등에(Hermetia illucens)의 생태 특성

  • Kim, Jong-Gill (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Young-Cheol (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Ji-Young (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Won-Tae (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Jeong, Gil-Sang (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Kwan-Ho (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA) ;
  • Hwang, Sock-Jo (Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA)
  • 김종길 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 최영철 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 최지영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 김원태 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 정길상 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 박관호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부) ;
  • 황석조 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생물부)
  • Published : 2008.12.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the distribution pattern, ecological characteristics and life cycle of the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens, BSF). The BSF was widely distributed throughout Korea. The insect was mainly found in the vicinity of and in cattle sheds, manure sheds, living waste dump grounds, and food waste dump grounds. Developmental characteristics of the BSF are as follows: the egg was long oval shaped of 887 ${\mu}m$ in the major axis and 190 ${\mu}m$ in the minor axis; it weighed 24 ${\mu}g$. Female oviposited ca. 1,000 eggs on average; eggs hatched in 81 hours under laboratory condition ($27^{\circ}C$, 60% R.H.). The duration of the larval stage was approximately $15{\sim}20$ days. The size of the last instar larvae was 21 mm. The cuticle of the pupae gradually acquired red-brown color and the size of them was 19 mm. The pupal stage was shorter for females (16 days) than males (15 days). Adults were sized about $13{\sim}20$ mm long and black-colored. The life span of adult insects was $5{\sim}8$ days for the first generation (June${\sim}$July), $7{\sim}10$ days for the second generation (Aug.${\sim}$Sept.), and $13{\sim}18$ days for the third generation (Sept.${\sim}$Oct.). Mating started on the next day of emergence and actively occurred at the third day after emergence. Mating mostly occurred between 10:00 and 16:00 during which light intensity is highest. Egg-laying started on the third day and was most frequent from the fourth to the sixth day after emergence. Similar to mating time, females oviposited mostly between 10:00 and 16:00.

본 연구는 국내 서식하는 아메리카동애등에(Hermetia illucens, BSF)의 분포, 서식지 생태특성구명 및 실내 인공사육을 통하여 생활사를 조사하였다. BSF는 조사한 7개 지역에서 모두 발생이 확인되었으며, 축사, 퇴비사, 생활쓰레기장, 음식물쓰레기장 주변에 주로 서식하는 것으로 조사되었다. BSF의 발육단계별 특성을 보면, 알의 크기는 장경 887 ${\mu}m$, 단경 190 ${\mu}m$로 장타원형이며, 알의 무게는 24 ${\mu}g$이였다. 성충 한 마리가 약 1,000개의 알을 산란하였으며, 실내 조건($27^{\circ}C$, 60% R.H.)에서 부화 소요시간은 81시간 이었다. 종령 유충의 크기는 21 mm 이며 유충기간은 15${\sim}$20일 정도였다. 번데기는 암갈색을 띠며 크기는 19 mm인데, 번데기 기간은 암컷이 16일, 수컷이 15일로 수컷이 암컷에 비해 약간 짧았다. 성충은 크기가 13${\sim}$20 mm 정도이며 흑색을 띤다. 발생시기별 성충 수명은 1세대(6${\sim}$7월)가 5${\sim}$8일, 2세대 (8${\sim}$9월)가 7${\sim}$10일, 3세대(9월${\sim}$10월)가 13${\sim}$18일 정도였으며, 암컷이 수컷보다 조금 길었다. 교미는 우화 후 2일째부터 시작하여 3일째 가장 왕성하였으며, 성충은 일조량이 많은 10:00에서 16:00사이에 대부분 교미하였다. 산란은 우화 후 3일경부터 시작하였고 4${\sim}$6일 사이에 가장 많았다. 일일 중 산란시간은 교미시간대와 유사한 10:00에서 16:00 사이에서 가장 높았다.

Keywords

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