Journal of Aquaculture (한국양식학회지)

The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science (한국양식학회)
권호 표지

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Pigment Sources on Pigmentation of the Round Tailed Paradise Fish Macropodus chinensis and the Pale Chub Zacco platypus

사료내 색소원료 첨가가 버들붕어 Macropodus chinensis 및 피라미 Zacco platypus 표피의 색택에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Choong-Ryul (Faculty of Marine Bioscience and Technology, Kangnung National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Min (Faculty of Marine Bioscience and Technology, Kangnung National University)
  • 이충열 (강릉대학교 해양생명공학부) ;
  • 이상민 (강릉대학교 해양생명공학부)
  • Published : 2008.11.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of supplement of the pigment source in diets on body color for round tailed paradise fish Macropodus chinensis and the pale chub Zacco platypus. Fish (the round tailed paradise fish: 1.6 g/ fish, pale chub: 2.4 g/fish) were fed diets containing various pigment sources (Porphyra powder, Spirulina powder. yeast astaxanthin and paprika extract) twice a day for 6 weeks. Survival of all treatments was above 80%. Weight gain and total carotenoid contents of round tailed paradise fish fed the diet containing Porphyra powder was higher than that of fish fed the other diets. The apparent redness of skin and fin in round tailed paradise fish fed the diets containing paprika extract and yeast astaxanthin was better than that of fish fed the diets containing Porphyra powder, Spirulina powder and the control diet. Weight gain and total carotenoid contents of pale chub fed the diet containing paprika extract were higher than that of fish fed the containing Porphyra powder, yeast astaxanthin, Spirulina powder and the control diet. The apparent redness of skin and fin in pale chub fed the diets containing parika extract and yeast astaxanthin was better than that of fish fed the diets containing Porphyra powder, Spirulina and the control diet. The results of this study suggest that dietary supplementation with paprika extract and yeast astaxanthin can improve redness of skin and fin of round tailed paradise fish and pale chub.

우리나라 고유 어종인 버들붕어 (Macropodus chinensis)와 피라미 (Zacco platypus)를 대상으로 다양한 색소원을 사료에 첨가하여 성장률과 체색개선 효과에 관해 조사하였다. 색소원으로 Porphyra powder, Yeast astaxanthin, paprika extract, Spirulina powder를 사료에 첨가하여 실험사료를 제조하였다. 버들붕어의 경우, 생존율은 모든 실험구에 있어서 80%이상이었고, 성장률은 Porphyra powder 첨가구에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 피라미의 경우, 생존율은 모든실험구에서 80%이상이며 성장률은 Spirulina powder 첨 가구에서 가장 높았다. 색소원 첨가가 체색에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 버들붕어 표피와 지느러미의 총 carotenoids함량은 색소원 무침가구에 비해 색소원을 첨가한 모든 실험구에서 높게 나타났으며, 특히 Porphyra powder 첨가구와 Spirulina powder 첨가구에서 높은 값을 보였다. 피라미 표피와 지느러미의 총 carotenoids 함량은 Spirulina powder 첨가구에서만 높게 나타났으며, 대조구를 포함한 다른 첨가구에 있어서는 뚜렷한 차이가 없었다. 버들붕어 및 피라미 지느러미의 붉은색은 paprika extract와 yeast astaxanthin 첨가구가 다른 원료 첨가구들보다 외관상으로 더 선명하게 관찰되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Amar, E. C., V. Kiron, S. Satoh and T. Watanabe, 2001, Influence of various dietary synthetic carotenoids on bio-defence mechanisms in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aqua. Res., 32, 192−163
  2. AOAC, 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlingon, Virginia. 1298 pp
  3. Baker, R. T. M., A.-M. Pfeiffer, F.-J. Schoner and L.-S. Lemmon, 2002. Pigmenting efficacy in fresh-water reared Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Animal Feed Sci. Tech., 99, 97-106 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(02)00116-5
  4. Boonyaratpalin, M. and N. Unprasert, 1989. Effects of pigments from different sources on colour changes and growth of red Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture, 79, 375−380
  5. Boonyaratpalin, M., S. Thongrod, K. Supanattaya, G. Britton and L.E. Schlipalius, 2001. Effects of ${\beta}-carotene$ source, Dunaliella salina, and astaxanthin on pigmentation, growth, survival and health of Penaeus monodon. Aqua. Res., 182−190
  6. Booth, M. A., R. J. Warner-Smith, G. L. Allan and B. D. Glencross, 2004. Effects of dietary astaxanthin source and light manipulation on the skin colour of Australian snapper Pagrus auratus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801). Aqua. Res., 35, 458−464
  7. Chien, Y. H. and W. C. Shiau, 2005. The effects of dietary supplementation of algae and synthetic astaxanthin on body astaxanthin, survival, growth, and low dissolved oxyen stress resistance of kuruma prawn, Marsupenaeus japonicus Bate. J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Eco., 318, 201−211
  8. Choubert, G. and T. Storbakken, 1989. Dose response to astaxanthin and canthaxanthin pigmentation of rainbow trout fed various carotenoids concentrations. Aquaculture, 81, 69−77
  9. Choubert, G. and P. Luquet, 1983. Utilisation of shrimp meal for rainbow trout (Salmo Gairdneri Rich.) pigmentation. Influence of fat content of the diet. Aquaculture, 32, 19−26
  10. Christiansen, R., O. Lie and O. J. Torrissen, 1995. Growth and survival of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fed different dietary levels of astaxanthin. Juveniles. Aqua. Nutr., 2, 189−198
  11. Gouveia, L., P. Rema, O. Pereira and J. Empis, 2003. Colouring ornamental fish (Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus) with microalgal biomass. Aqua. Nutr., 9, 123−129
  12. Ha, B.-S., M.-J. Kweon, M.-Y. Park, S.-H. Baek, S.-Y. Kim, I.-O. Baek and S.-J. Kang, 1997. Comparison of dietary carotenoids metabolism and effects to improve the body color of cultured fresh-water fishes and marine fishes. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 26, 270−284
  13. Johnson, E. A. T. G. Villa and M. Lewis, 1980. Phaffia rhodozyna an an astaxanthin source in salmonids diets. Aquaculture, 20, 123−134
  14. Kalinowski, C. T., L. E. Robaina, H. Fernandez-Palacios, D. Schuchardt and M. S. Izquierdo, 2005. Effect of different carotenoid sources and their dietary levels on red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) growth and skin colour. Aquaculture, 244, 223−231
  15. Kim, H.-S., Y.-h. Kim, S.-H. Cho and J.-Y. Jo, 1999a. Effects of dietary carotenoids on the nuptial color of the Bitterling (Rhodeus uyekii). J. Kor. Fish. Soc., 32, 276−279
  16. Kim, H.-Y., S.-H. Baek, S.-Y. Kim, K.-I. Geong, M.-J. Kweon, J.- H. Kim and B.-S. Ha, 1999b. Metabolism of dietary carotenoids and effects to improve the body color of Oily Bittering, Acheilognathus koreensis. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 28, 1099−1106
  17. Kim, I.-S. and J.-Y. Park, 2002. Freshwater fishes of Korea. Published by Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea, pp. 180-181, 405−406
  18. Kim, S.-R., C.-R. Lee and S.-M. Lee, 2006. Effect of dietary supplementation of paprika and Spirulina on pigmentation of swiri Coreoleuciscus splendidus. J. Aquacult., 19, 261−266
  19. McBeth, J. W., 1972. Carotenoid from nudibranchs. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 41B. 55−68
  20. Song, H.-B. and S.-S. Choi, 2000. Reproductive ecology and early life history of paradise fish, Macropodus chinensis (Pisces, Belontidae) in aquarium. Kor. J. Limnol. 33, 282−294
  21. Torrissen, O. J., 1984. Pigmentation of salmonids: effect of carotenoids in eggs and start-feeding diet on survival and growth rate. Aquaculture, 43, 185−193