Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
권호 표지

Selection and Physiological Characterization of Glyphosate-tolerant Zoysiagrass Mutants Derived from a Gamma Ray Irradiation

감마선 조사에 의한 glyphosate 제초제 저항성 한국 들잔디 돌연변이체의 선발과 저항성 계통의 생리적 특성

Lee, Hye-Jung;Lee, Geung-Joo;Kim, Dong-Sub;Kim, Jin-Beak;Ku, Ja-Hyeong;Kang, Si-Yong
이혜정;이긍주;김동섭;김진백;구자형;강시용

  • Published : 20081200
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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the successful in vitro and in vivo conditions for a mutant induction of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica), and to observe the physiological responses of the selected mutants resistant to a glyphosate herbicide. A mutation induction under in vitro conditions was found to be achievable when combined with the gamma ray in zoysiagrass (2 ㎎･L-1 2,4-D and 0.1 to 0.5 ㎎･L-1 BA with 50-70 Gy of a gamma ray). The electrolyte leakage (EL), malondealdehyde (MDA) and proline contents increased, while phyto pigments decreased with increasing glyphosate concentration, especially with 0.5-1.0% glyphosate level from 7 days after treatment. After the leaf blade of 100 M2 plants derived from a gamma ray treatment (300 Gy) was sprayed, three resistant and susceptible plants were selected and used to compare the physiological responses to a 0.5% glyphosate treatment. The EL was increased more in the susceptible plants than in the resistant mutants, while the MDA content was not evident statistically. The chlorophyll and carotenoid contents decreased in all the treated materials, with less reduction in the susceptible lines. The activity of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) was about 1.5-fold higher in the resistant mutants, allowing them resistance to glyphosate blocking the synthesis of aromatic amino acids. In those selected resistant mutants, more extended days of green leaves were observed after the glyphosate treatment, which allows economic and environmental savings and provides with more flexible management options.

본 연구에서는 감마선 조사에 의한 들잔디 돌연변이체를 유기하기 위한 적정 조건을 확립하고 감마선에 의해 유도된 glyphosate 저항성 들잔디의 생리적 반응을 관찰하고자 하였다. 캘러스 돌연변이 유기를 위한 적정 방사선 선량은 50-70Gy 이며, 효율적인 캘러스 유도를 위해서는 2㎎･L-1 2,4-D와 0.1-0.5㎎･L-1 BA를 혼합하여 사용하는 것이 효과적이었다. 하지만 방사선과 glyphosate를 동시에 처리할 경우 재분화체로의 유기가 불가능하여 방사선이 처리(300Gy)된 들잔디 종자에서 우선 재분화체를 얻고, 종자수확을 통해 얻어진 100 M2 계통에 glyphosate를 처리한 후 돌연변이체를 선발하는 방법이 성공적으로 적용됨을 알 수 있었다. 감수성 계통들은 0.5% glyphosate 농도의 제초제 처리시에 세포 전해질 유출(electrolyte leakage)과 지질막의 과산화에 의한 malondealdehyde(MDA) 함량이 저항성 선발계통에 비해 높게 나타났다. 한편 glyphosate의 독성기작의 하나인 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase(EPSPS) 효소활성 저해 작용을 알아본 결과 저항성 계통에서 공통적으로 높은(1.5배 이상) EPSPS 활성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과 저항성 선발계통들은 높은 EPSPS 효소활성을 통해 방향족 아미노산의 원할하고 지속적인 합성과, 광합성 색소의 분해 작용에 대한 저항 기작을 통해 오랜 기간 동안(15일 이상) 건강하게 생존할 수 있었던 것으로 여겨진다. 따라서 본 실험을 통해 얻어진 glyphosate 저항성 계통들과 방법은 앞으로 유용한 제초제 저항성 돌연변이 품종개발 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

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