Infection and chemotherapy

The Korean Society of Infectious Diseases (대한감염학회)
권호 표지

Status of Vivax Malaria after Re-emergence in South Korea

재출현 이후 국내 삼일열 말라리아 발생 현황

Yeom, Joon-Sup;Park, Jae-Won
염준섭;박재원

  • Published : 20080800
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Vivax malaria re-emerged in the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 1993. Sixteen years have passed and epidemiological characteristics have changed since then. The annual incidence of this disease which had increased rapidly through 2000, started to decrease rapidly in 2001, reaching about 800 cases in 2004. But it started to change again in 2005 and since then, about 2000 cases are occurring annually. Not only the cases are increasing but also geographic distributions are expanding into cities and counties bordering Seoul. Based on these data, possibility of occurrence of local transmission is very high. Malaria situation in North Korea is not so different from the ROK. Although annual incidence of diseases are decreasing every year, incidences in areas near demilitarized zone which can affect the ROK are still serious. And now economical and cultural exchange between the ROK and Nouth Korea is increasing every year. This also means that risks of exposure to this disease among civilians are also increasing. Control strategies in the beginning of resurgence had been focused mainly on decreasing transmission and cases of malaria. Main parts of these strategies were vector control and chloroquine chemoprophylaxis among soldiers stationed in high-risk areas. But now, epidemiological characteristics have changed and our control strategies need adjustment considering these changes.

Keywords

References

  1. Sinden R, Gilles H. The malaria parasites, In: Warrell DA, Gilles HM, eds. Essential malariology. 4th ed. London, p 8, Arnold, 2002
  2. Singh B. Plasmodium knowlesi: a zoonosis of public health importance. In : Singapore Malaria Network eds. Current Topics in Malaria. 4A, Singapore, 2008
  3. Sachs J, Malaney P. The economic and social burden of malaria. Nature 415:680-5, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1038/415680a
  4. Gilles HM. The malaria parasites, In: Gilles HM, Warrell DA. Bruce-Chwatt's Essential malariology. 3rd ed. London. p 12, Arnold, 1993
  5. Shute PG, Lupascu G, Branzei P, Maryon M, Constantinescu P, Bruce-Chwatt LJ, Draper CC, Killick-Kendrick R, Garnham Pc. A strain of Plasmodium vivax characterized by predominantly prolonged incubation: the effect of numbers of sporozoites on the length of the prepatent period. Trans R Soc Trap Med Hyg 70:474-81, 1977
  6. Hasegawa Y. Malaria in Korea. J Chosen M ed Soc 4:53-69, 1913
  7. Himeno K. On the malaria endemicity in Kangnung area in Kangwon-do. Mansen No Ikai 62:59-66, 1926
  8. Kobayashi H. Review on malaria and Anopheles in Korea. J Chosen Med Soc 22:107-11, 1932
  9. Hale T, Halpenny GW. Malaria in Korean veterans. Can Med Assoc J 68:444-8, 1953
  10. Hankey DD, Jones R Jr, Coatney GR, Alving AS, Coker WG, Garrison PL, Donovan WN. Korean vivax malaria I. Natural history and response to chloroquine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2:958-69, 1953 https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1953.2.958
  11. Alving AS, Hankey DD, Coatney GR, Jones R Jr, Coker WG, Garrison PL, Donovan WN. Korean vivax malaria II. Curative treatment with pamaquine and primaquine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2:970-6, 1953 https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1953.2.970
  12. Coatney GR, Alving AS, Jones R Jr, Hankey DD, Robinson DH, Garrison PL, Coker WG, Donovan WN, Lorenzo AD, Marx RL, Simmons IH. Korean vivax malaria V. cure of the infection by primaquine administered during long-term latency. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2:985-8, 1953 https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1953.2.985
  13. Jones R Jr, Jackson LS, Di Lorenzo A, Marx RL, Levy BL, Kenny EC, Gilbert M, Johnston MN, Alving AS. Korean vivax malaria III. Curative effect and toxicity of primaquine in doses from 10 to 30 mg. daily. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2:977-82, 1953 https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1953.2.977
  14. Lee SW, Shim JC, Kang YB, Ree HI. Investigation of Malaria Prevalence in Daesin-myon, Yoju-gun, and Kaegun-myon, Yang-pyong-gun, Kyonggi-do Province. Rep Natl Ins Health 9:135-40, 1972
  15. Paik YH, Ree HI, Shim Jc. Malaria in Korea. Jpn J Exp Med 58:55-66, 1988
  16. 보건사회부. 말라리아 박멸 기초 사업 보고서, p.1959, 서울, 보건사회부, 1963
  17. Paik YH, Tsai FC. A note on the epidemiology of Korean vivax malaria. New Med 6:37-44, 1963
  18. Park JW, Klein TA, Lee HC, Pacha LA, Ryu SH, Yeom JS, Moon SH, Kim TS, Chai JY, Oh MD, Choe KW. Vivax malaria: a continuing health threat to the Republic of Korea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69:159-67, 2003
  19. Yeom JS, Ryu SH, Oh S, Lee WJ, Kim TS, Kim KH, Kim YA, Ahn SY, Cha JE, Park JW. Status of Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea during 2001-2003. Am J Trop Med Hyg 73:604-8, 2005
  20. Yeom JS, Kim TS, Oh S, Sim JB, Bam JS, Kim HJ, Kim YA, Ahn SY, Shin MY, Yoo JA, Park JW. Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea during 2004-2005: changing patterns of infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76:865-8, 2007
  21. Yeom JS, Ryu SH, Oh S, Choi DH, Song KJ, Oh YH, Lee JH, Kim YA, Ahn SY, Yang HY, Cha JE, Park JW. Evaluation of anti-malarial effects of mass chemoprophylaxis in the Republic of Korea army. J Korean Med Sci 20:707-12, 2005 https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2005.20.5.707
  22. 박재원. 2010 말라리아 퇴치사업 중간평가 및 사업 효과성 분석. 서울, 질병관리본부, 2008
  23. 질병관리본부. 2003년 동아시아 말라리아 관리를 위한 WHO 합동회의 귀국보고서. In : 보건복지부 및 질병관리 본부 편. 동아시아 말라리아 관리를 위한 WHO 서태평양 지역 . 동남아시아지역 합동회의(Bi-regional meeting for control of malaria in east Asia) 참가보고서. 서울. p. 199, 질병관리본부, 2005
  24. WHO regional office for South East Asia. Trend of malaria cases (including clinical) in DPRK, 2002- 2005. Available from URL:http//www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/ Malaria_in_the_SEAR_trend.pdf
  25. 질병관리본부. Epidemiology & control of malaria in DPR Korea. In : 보건복지부 및 질병관리본부 편. 동아시아 말라리아 관리를 위한 WHO 서태평양지역 . 동남아시아지역 합동회의(Bi-regional meeting for control of malaria in east Asia) 참가보고서, 서울. p. 91, 질병관리본부, 2005
  26. WHO regional office for South East Asia. Level of malaria endemicity in DPRK. Available from:URL: http://www.searo.who.int/LinkFiles/Malaria_in_the_SEAR_trend.pdf
  27. 질병관리본부. Overview on the national malaria control activities in DPR Korea. In : 보건복지부 및 질병관리본부 편. 동아시아 말라리아 관리를 위한 WHO 서태평양지역 . 동남아시아지역 합동회의(Bi-regional meeting for control of malaria in east Asia) 참가보고서. 서울. p. 13, 질병관리본부, 2005
  28. 질병관리본부. 2004년 동아시아 말라리아 관리를 위한 WHO 합동회의 귀국보고서. In : 보건복지부 및 질병관리본부 편. 동아시아 말라리아 관리를 위한 WHO 서태평양지역 . 동남아시아지역합동회의(Bi-regional meeting for control of malaria in east Asia) 참가보고서. 서울. p. 207, 질병관리본부, 2005
  29. 강영아. 2006년 국내 말라리아의 역학적 특성. In : 질병관리본부 편. 2006 말라리아 퇴치사업 추진결과 발표회. 서울. 참가보고서. 서울. p. 17, 질병관리본부, 2006