Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology

The Korean Society of Wood Science & Technology (한국목재공학회)
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Evaluation of the Potential of Wood Preservatives Formulated with Okara

두부비지를 이용한 목재 방부제의 사용가능성 평가

  • Kim, Ho-Yong (Department of Forest Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choi, In-Gyu (Department of Forest Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Ahn, Sye-Hee (Division Life & Environmental Resources, Daegu University,) ;
  • Oh, Sei-Chang (Division Life & Environmental Resources, Daegu University) ;
  • Hong, Chang-Young (Department of Forest Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Min, Byeong-Cheol (Department of Forest Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yang, In (Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University)
  • 김호용 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림과학부 환경재료과) ;
  • 최인규 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림과학부 환경재료과) ;
  • 안세희 (대구대학교 생명환경대학 산림자원학과) ;
  • 오세창 (대구대학교 생명환경대학 산림자원학과) ;
  • 홍창영 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림과학부 환경재료과학전공) ;
  • 민병철 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림과학부 환경재료과학전공) ;
  • 양인 (서울대학교 농업생명과학연구원)
  • Received : 2007.11.26
  • Accepted : 2007.12.26
  • Published : 2008.01.25
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Abstract

The use of CCA as a wood preservative was recently inhibited due to its environmental pollution and human harmfulness. Instead of CCA, copper azole (CuAz) and alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) have been used as alternative wood preservatives, but the price of the preservatives is much more expensive than that of CCA. As a substitute for high-priced CuAz and ACQ, environmentally friendly wood preservatives were formulated with okara, which is an organic waste from the production of tofu. Prior to formulating the preservatives, okara was hydrolyzed by three levels of sulfuric acid concentration (1, 2.5 and 5%) to easily penetrate the effective components of the preservatives into wood blocks. Final preservative solutions were formulated with the hydrolyzed okara and metal salts, such as copper sulfate, copper chloride and borax. The preservatives were treated into wood blocks by vacuum-pressure method to measure the treatability of the preservatives, and the treated wood blocks were placed in hot water for three days to measure the leachability of the preservatives. The effective components of the preservatives might be successfully penetrated into wood blocks through the uses of hydrolyzed okara and ammonia water. However, the leached amount of effective components was increased as the concentration of acid used for the hydrolysis of okara increased. The treatability and leachability of the preservatives were not affected by hydrolysis temperature but negatively affected by the addition of borax. Based on the results above, the optimal conditions for formulating okara-based wood preservatives cost-effectively and environmentally might be 1% acid hydrolysis of okara and the use of $CuCl_2$ as a metal salt. In addition, the treatability and leachability of okara-based wood preservatives were superior or no differences comparing with those of CuAz. Therefore, it is concluded that okara-based wood preservatives might have a potential to be used as an environmentally friendly wood preservative.

환경 오염 및 인체 유해성으로 사용이 금지된 목재 방부제인 CCA를 대체하고 최근 CCA 대체방부제로 주로 사용되고 있는 고가의 구리 아졸화합물계(CUAZ)과 구리 알킬암모늄계(ACQ) 방부제를 대체하기 위하여 유기 폐기물인 두부비지를 이용하여 환경친화적인 목재방부제를 제조하였다. 목재 내로 유효성분의 용이한 주입을 위하여 다양한 농도의 황산으로 두부비지를 가수분해하였으며, 가수분해된 비지를 $CuSO_4$, $CuCl_2$, Borax 등의 금속염과 반응시켜 최종적으로 목재 방부제를 조제하였다. 이렇게 조제된 방부액은 감가압방법을 통해 목재내로 주입하였고 주입된 시편에 대한 용탈 실험을 실시하여 각 방부제의 주입능과 용탈성을 비교하였다. 비지의 산가수분해물의 이용과 암모니아수를 이용한 일시적인 해리를 통해 방부제의 유효성분이 효과적으로 주입되었으나 비지를 가수분해하기 위해 사용된 산의 농도가 높을수록 용탈량이 증가되었다. Borax의 첨가는 주입능과 용탈성에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤으나 가수분해 온도에 따른 주입능과 용탈성에는 차이가 없었다. 결과를 종합하면 비지의 1% 산가수분해물에 금속염으로 $CuCl_2$를 사용하였을 경우 생산 비용 및 환경적인 측면에서 목재방부제로 사용하기에 최적의 제조조건으로 생각되며 두부비지로 조제된 방부제의 주입능과 용탈성을 CuAz에 비교한 결과 차이가 없거나 우수한 것으로 나타나 환경친화적인 목재 방부제로서 사용가능성을 충분히 보여주었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 농림부

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