Effect of Scape Cut during Bulb Development Stage on Carbohydrate Formation and Yield of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

마늘 구비대기의 화경 제거가 탄수화물 생성과 수량에 미치는 영향

Nam, Sang-Sik;Choi, In-Hu;Bae, Sang-Kyung;Bang, Jin-Ki
남상식;최인후;배상경;방진기

  • Published : 20080900

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of scape cut during bulb development stage on leaf dryness, carbohydrate and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in the field. The cloves were planted on polyethylene film-mulching plots at 18 × 11 ㎝ on September 25, 2006 and harvested on May 30, 2007. Time of scape cut was on May 4, 2007. Percentage of leaf dryness of no scape cut was slowly increased from 24.3% on May 14 to 63.9% on May 30, while that of scape cut was rapidly increased from 27.1% to 75.5%, respectively. Leaf area of scape cut and no scape cut were 141.2 and 228.1 cm2 per plant on May 30. Photosynthetic rate was similar to 11.0-10.9 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ on May 14, but photosynthetic rate of no scape cut increased to 13.4 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ on May 19 compared to 12.7 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ for scape cut. The glucose and sucrose content in leaves and leaf sheath of non scape cut were gradually decreased and the fructose was increased during bulb development stage. The fructose content in leaves of scape cut was high as 137.3 mgㆍg⁻¹ compared to 80.6 mgㆍg⁻¹ of no scape cut on May 30. However, the fructose content in leaf sheath of scape cut was greatly decreased and then gradually increased. The sucrose content of scape include bulbil was decreased to 89.1 mgㆍg⁻¹ on May 30 compared to 145.0 mgㆍg⁻¹ on May 9 and the fructose was increased during bulb development stage. The sucrose content of bulb in no scape cut was gradually increased. On the other hand, the sucrose content of bulb in scape cut off was greatly increased from 499.2 mgㆍg⁻¹ on May 9 to 803.2 mgㆍg⁻¹ on May 30. The ratio of large bulb diameter (above 45 ㎜), bulb weight and yield of scape cut were 61.1%, 34.2 g, and 1,310 ㎏/10a, respectively. The yield of no scape cut was decreased to 8.6% compared to 1,197 ㎏/10a for scape cut.

마늘 주아를 생산하기 위해 구 비대기에 화경을 절단하지 않고 재배할 때 잎마름 정도, 엽면적, 광합성량, 탄수화물 함량, 수량성 등에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 마늘 잎마름 비율은 5월 4일 기준 일에 비해 5월 30일 수확 시 방임구는 63.9%, 절단구는 75.5% 정도였으며 엽면적은 방임구 228.1㎠/주와 화경 절단구 141.2㎠/주 정도였다. 화경 절단 10일후인 5월 14일의 광합성량은 차이가 없었으나 15일 후인 5월 19일에는 방임구 13.4 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹에 비해 절단은 12.7 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹로 낮은 경향이었다. 방임구 마늘잎에서 glucose와 sucrose 는 경시적으로 감소하였고 fructose는 초기에 35.1mgㆍg⁻¹에서 후기에 80.6mgㆍg⁻¹ 정도로 증가하였다. 절단구의 glucose는 방임구와 비슷한 경향이나 sucrose와 fructose는 높은 경향이었다. 엽초의 glucose 함량은 5월 9일에 화경 절단구가 방임구에 비해 약간 높았으나 비슷한 경향으로 감소하였다. Sucrose 함량은 5월 9일 절단한 엽초가 52.1mgㆍg⁻¹으로 방임구에 비해 2배정도 높았으나 감소 경향은 비슷하였다. Fructose 함량은 방임구 엽초에서 5월 9일 62.9mgㆍg⁻¹ 수준에서 5월 24일 103.3mgㆍg⁻¹ 수준까지 계속 증가하였다. 화경과 총포 내의 sucrose와 glucose 함량은 경시적으로 감소하였으며 fructose는 증가하는 경향이었다. 화경을 절단한 마늘 인편의 sucrose 함량은 구 비대 후기에 급격히 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 화경 절단구의 마늘 구경은 51.0㎜, 구중 34.2g으로 마늘 수량은 1,310㎏/10a수준이었다. 그러나 방임구에서는 구경 49.6㎜, 구중 31.2g으로 절단한 마늘에 비해 다소 낮아 수량은 1,197㎏/10a으로 8.6% 감소하여 마늘 주아 생산을 위해서는 재배 포장 전체에서 주아를 생산하는 것보다는 종구로 사용할 면적에서만 주아를 생산하면 마늘 수량의 감소를 줄일 수 있다고 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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