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The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (한국생물공학회)
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Biological production of 1,3-propanediol using crude glycerol derived from biodiesel process

바이오디젤 부산물인 폐글리세롤을 이용한 생물학적 1,3-propanediol 생산

  • Jun, Sun-Ae (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Environmental Technology Research) ;
  • Kang, Cheol-Hee (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Environmental Technology Research) ;
  • Kong, Sean-W. (INWOO Corporation) ;
  • Sang, Byoung-In (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Environmental Technology Research) ;
  • Um, Young-Soon (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Environmental Technology Research)
  • 전선애 (한국과학기술연구원 환경기술연구단) ;
  • 강철희 (한국과학기술연구원 환경기술연구단) ;
  • 공성욱 ((주)인우코퍼레이션) ;
  • 상병인 (한국과학기술연구원 환경기술연구단) ;
  • 엄영순 (한국과학기술연구원 환경기술연구단)
  • Published : 2008.10.31
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Abstract

The production of 1,3.propanediol (1,3-PD) was investigated with Klebsiella pneumoniae DSM2026 and K. pneumoniae DSM4799 using crude glycerol obtained from biodiesel industry. Crude glycerol was used without prior purification to investigate effects of impurities in crude glycerol on 1,3-PD production. In the batch cultures, 1,3-PD production with crude glycerol was $1.1{\sim}2.5$ times higher than that with pure glycerol, indicating that crude glycerol is even a better substrate than pure glycerol for 1,3-PD fermentation. When glucose was added, 1,3-PD production and yield decreased in spite of enhanced cell growth. Furthermore, the addition of glucose was found to increase 2,3-butanediol, a by-product, significantly because of the change in metabolism in the presence of glucose. In semi-batch cultures without glucose addition, 26 g/L 1,3-PD was produced with crude glycerol, which was $2{\sim}3$ times higher than that with pure glycerol. Based on our results, it was clearly shown that crude glycerol is an effective substrate for biological 1,3-PD production, making it more feasible to produce 1,3-PD at a lower price.

본 연구에서는 통성 혐기성 세균인 K. pneumoniae DSM2026 K. pneumoniae DSM4799를 이용하여 국내 바이오디젤 생산공정에서 발생된 폐글리세롤로부터 1,3-PD을 생산하고자 하였다. 폐글리세롤은 전처리 없이 이용하여 폐글리세롤에 포함되어 있는 불순물의 영향을 알아보았다. 실험 결과, 회분식 발효에서 폐글리세롤을 사용한 경우 순수 글리세롤에 비해 $1.1{\sim}2.5$배 향상된 1,3-PD 증가량을 나타내었으며, 이를 통해 바이오디젤 부산물인 폐글리세롤은 순수 글리세롤보다 효과적인 1,3-PD 생산 기질로의 사용가능성을 확인하였다. 배양액에서 글루코스 첨가 유무에 따른 1,3-PD의 생성 변화를 살펴본 결과, 글루코스에 의해 미생물의 성장이 30% 증가된 반면, 1,3-PD의 생산량은 글루코스가 첨가되지 않은 배양액에서 $1.3{\sim}2.9$배 정도 증가되었다. 또한 1,3-PD 발효 부산물인 2,3-BD 생산량은 글루코스 첨가시 $6{\sim}9\;g/L$까지 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 반회분식 배양에서는 글루코스 미첨가시 폐글리세롤로부터 26 g/L의 1,3-PD가 생성되었으며, 이는 순수글리세롤 사용했을 경우에 비해 $2{\sim}3$배 높은 생성량이었다. 본 연구를 통해, 전처리 과정을 거치지 않은 바이오디젤 부산물인 폐글리세롤이 효과적으로 1,3-PD 생산에 이용될 수 있음을 알 수 있으며, 이를 통해 보다 가격경쟁력이 있는 생물학적 1,3-PD 생산이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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