Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion (보건교육건강증진학회지)

Korean Society for Health Education and Promotion (한국보건교육건강증진학회)
권호 표지

Social Environmental Factors for Korean and Australian Centenarians

한국과 호주 백세인의 사회 환경요인

  • Kim, Jong-In (Division of health and Welfare, Wonkwang University)
  • Published : 2008.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in regions and social environmental factors for centenarians between two countries. The sample sizes for this paper were a total number of centenarians in the two countries. Centenarians from different regions were examined in conjunction with the social environmental factors of the longevity approach. Statistical analysis was done using the Pearson's coefficient of correlation and regression equations. It became evident that centenarians among two countries lived in regions with lower income levels, lower tobacco consumption, lower levels of air pollution, onion and barley productions, fewer motor vehicles, a lower divorce rate, lower unemployment, soybean and garlic productions, and less water pollution. The finding imply that centenarians among two countries lead to a life of longevity is the result not only social environmental factors reactions that have fresh air, clean water and health food but also of health behaviors that have bacco consumption and divorce rate. Also, these support future studies of improvement of social environmental pollution, agricultural products of health food, and health behaviors of nonsmoking for life of longevity.

이 연구의 목적은 한국과 호주 백세인의 사회 환경요인을 규명하고자 시도되었다. 조사대상은 양국가의 통계청에서 산출한 백세인 전체를 표본으로 하였다. 백세인의 지역에 대한 차이는 장수요인과 연관된 사회 환경요인을 선정하여 조사 분석하였다. 자료처리는 피어슨 상관관계(Pearson's Coefficient of Correlation)와 회귀방정식 (Regression Equations)을 활용하였다. 분석결과, 양국가의 백세인 거주 지역은 소득수준이 낮고 담배 소비량도 적으며, 대기오염도 낮고 양파와 보리를 생산하곤 콩과 마늘을 재배하며, 자동차가 적고 이혼율이 낮으며, 실업비율이 낮고 수질오염이 적은 지역이었다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 볼 때, 양국가의 백세인은 건강식의 농산물생산과 사회 환경요인이 장수요인으로 작용한 것으로 판단된다. 그러므로 백세인의 건강증진을 위한 사회 환경요인은 건강식품, 쾌적한 환경, 금연 및 건강행태 둥으로 이들에 대한 노인보건교육과 계속적인 노인들의 건강증진 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Aman, P. 2006. Cholesterol-lowering effects of barley dietary fibre in humans: scientific support for a generic health claim. Scandinavian Journal of Food and Nutrition, (50): 173-176 https://doi.org/10.1080/17482970601057990
  2. Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2006. 2001 Census Data by Location Name
  3. Barnett, AG. Williams GM, Schwartz J et al. 2006. The Effects of Air Pollution on Hospitalizations for Cardiovascular Disease in Elderly People in Australian and New Zealand Cities. Environmental Health Perspectives (114): 1018-1023 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8674
  4. Bernstein AM, Willcox BJ, Tamaki H, Perls TT et al. 2004. First Autopsy Study of an Okinawan Centenarian: Absence of Many Age-Related Diseases. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., (59): 1195-1199 https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/59.11.1195
  5. Berzlanovich AM, Keil W, Waldhoer T, Sim E et el. 2005. Do Centenarians Die Healthy? An Autopsy Study. J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. (60):862-865
  6. Cakmak S, Dales RE, and Vidal CB. 2007. Air Pollution and Mortality in Chile: Susceptibility among the Elderly. Environmental Health Perspective, (115): 524-527 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9567
  7. Choi YH, Kim JH, Kim DK et al. 2003. Distributions of ACE and APOE Polymorphisms and Their Relations With Dementia Status in Korean Centenarians. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.,(58): 227-231 https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/58.3.M227
  8. Evert J, Lawler E, Bogan H and Perls T, 2003. Morbidity profiles of centenarians: Survivors, delayers, and escapers. Journal of Gerontology, Medical Sciences (58):232-237 https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/58.3.M232
  9. Geller AM and Zenick H. 2005. Aging and the Environment: A Research Framework. Environ Health Perspect, (113): 1257-1262 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7569
  10. Grundy E, Glaser K. 2002. Socio-demographic differences in the onset and progression of disability in early old age: a longitudinal study, Age and Ageing, (29): 149-157 https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/29.2.149
  11. Hagberga B, Alfredsona BB, Poon LW, Hommac A. 2001. Cognitive functioning in centenarians: A coordinated analysis of results from three countries. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, (56): 141-151 https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/56.3.P141
  12. Johnson W, Krueger RF. 2005. Predictors of Physical Health: Toward an Integrated Model of Genetic and Environmental Antecedents. J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. (60): 42-52
  13. Kim JI. 1998. Analysis of health factor for longevity of centenarians in Korea. Journal of the Korea Health & Welfare Society, (1): 9-38
  14. Kim JI. 1999. Comparative analysis of health factor for youth-adult and centenarians in Korea. Journal of the Korea Health & Welfare Society, (2): 9-37
  15. Kim JI. 2002a. Longevity and occupation. Age and Ageing, 31(6): 485-487 https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/31.6.485
  16. Kim JI. 2002b. Social-environment factors by region of centenarians. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, 21(3): 157-168
  17. Kim JI. 2003a. Lifestyle factors between gastric cancer and centenarians. Korea Association of Health and Medical Sociology, (14): 233-247
  18. Kim JI. 2003b. Longevity factors of centenarians in Korea. Journal of Korean Society for Health Education Promotion, 20(4): 41-50
  19. Kim JI. 2005. Social-environmental factors by region for cause of death of elderly people in Korea. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, 2005; 25(2): 9-19
  20. Kim JI. 2007a. Influence Social-Environment Factors for Region of Centenarians. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, 2007; 27(3): 635-647
  21. Kim JI. 2007b. Difference in Longevity Factors amongst Korean Centenarians, Octogenarians, and Sexagenarians. Journal of Korean Society for Health Education Promotion, 24(5): 51-64
  22. Korea National Statistical Office (KNSO). 2005. 2000 Census population
  23. Martin P, Long MV and Poon LP. 2002. Age changes and differences in personality traits and states of the old and very old. J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. (57): 144-152 https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/57.2.P144
  24. Nicita-Mauro V, Balbo CL, Mento A. et al. 2008. Smoking, Aging and the Centenarians. Experimental Gerontology, (43): 95-101 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2007.06.011
  25. Nutrition Department, MI, USA. 2006. Onions are Beneficial for Your health. http://www.vegetarian-nutrition.info/updates/onions.php
  26. OECD, 2005a. OECD Health Data 2005: Life expectancy (in years), Females, Males and Total Population at birth (Excel), xls, 35Kb, English.http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/7/42/35530071.xls
  27. OECD. 2005b. OECD in Figures 2005 - Health status table. Xls English.http://ocde.p4.siteinternet.com/publications/doifiles/012005061T003.xls
  28. Ozaki, Uchiyama and Tagaya et al. 2007. The Japanese Centenarian Study: Autonomy Was Associated with Health Practices as Well as Physical Status. J Am Geriatr Soc, (55):95-101 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.01019.x
  29. Perls TT, Bochen K, Freeman M et al. 1999. Validity of reported age and centenarian prevalence in New England. Age and Ageing, (28): 193-197 https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/28.2.193
  30. Republic of Korea, Ministry of Environment, National Institute of Environmental Research. 2005. 2000 Environmental web GIS serves system
  31. Richard W, Michael M. 2003. Social determinants of health: the solid facts. 2nd edition, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe: 1-31
  32. Schrader SL. 2008. Centenarians'' Views on Long Life and Nursing Home Living. J Am Med Dir Assoc, (9): 45-50 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2007.08.009
  33. Selim AJ, Fincke G, Berlowitz DR, Miller DR, Qian SX, et al. 2005. Comprehensive Health Status Assessment of Centenarians: Results From the 1999 Large Health Survey of Veteran Enrollees. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., (60): 515-519 https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/60.4.515
  34. Song J, Bartels DM et al. 2007. Dying on the Streets: Homeless Persons'' Concerns and Desires about End of Life Care. Society of General Internal Medicine,(22) : 435-44 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-006-0046-7
  35. Tattelman E. 2005. Health Effects of Garlic, The American Academy of Family Physicians, 103
  36. The Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Heritage. 2006. 2001 The National Pollutant Inventory (NPI)
  37. WHO. 2004. SARS: Clinical Trials on Treatment Using a Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine. Report 2: Clinical efficacy of the treatment of SARS with integrated Traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine: an analysis of 524 cases. 194
  38. WHO. 2006a. Commission on Social Determinants of Health.http://www.who.int/social_determinants/en/
  39. WHO. 2006b. Protection of the human environment health topics.http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/en/index.html
  40. WHO. 2006c. Air quality and health.http://www.euro.who.int/air
  41. WHO. 2005. The world is fast ageing - have we noticed?http://www.who.int/ageing/en
  42. Yagyu K, Kikuchi S and Tauchi H. 2001. Risk Factors for Total Mortality in Centenarians in Aichi Prefecture, Japan Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 928:380
  43. Yusuf S, Nabeshima K, and Ha W. 2007. Income and Health in Cities: the Messages from Stylized Facts. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine,(84), 35-41 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-007-9186-2
  44. Zhang Z, Hayward MD. 2001. Childlessness and the Psychological Well-Being of Older Persons. J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. (56):311-320 https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/56.5.S311
  45. Zheng ZX, Wang ZS, Zhu HM et al. 1993. Survey of 160 centenarians in Shanghai. Age and Ageing, (22): 16-19 https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/22.1.16