Comparison of Patency and Viability in Fresh and Cryopreserved Arterial and Venous Allograft Conduits in Dogs

개에서 동맥과 정맥 동종 이식편의 냉장, 보존 방법에 따른 개존율 및 생육성에 관한 연구

  • Song, Hyun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kang, Shin-Kwang (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Ryu, Yang-Gi (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Jin (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • 송현 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 강신광 (충남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 유양기 (울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김용진 (서울대학교 의과대학 서울대학교병원 흉부외과학교실)
  • Published : 2008.04.05

Abstract

Background: With increasing coronary bypass and peripheral vascular surgeries, the demand for homologous vascular or synthetic conduits has continued to grow, but wide-spread application has been limited by dismal patency rates. Although cryopreserved allograft valves may provide a suitable alternative, current viability or patency of implanted allograft vascular conduits has been unsatisfactory. Material and Method: We serially analyzed the outcomes of canine femoral artery and saphenous vein allograft implants after storage in either $4^{\circ}C\;or\;-170^{\circ}C$. Result: There were no differences in graft flow rate (patency) (p=0.264), rate of thrombosis (p=0.264), presence of endothelium (p=0.587), or immunohistochemical staining for thrombomodulin (p=0.657) were detected between grafts stored in $4^{\circ}C\;and\;-170^{\circ}C$. Greater flow occurred in the arterial grafts versus the venous grafts (p=0.030), irrespective of the preservation method, with a significantly lower incidence of thrombosis (p=0.030) in arterial allografts. There was a correlation coefficient of -0.654 between thrombosis and positive immunohistochemical staining for thrombomodulin (p=0.006) and a correlation coefficient of 0.520 (p=0.0049) between the endothelial presence and positive immunohistochemical staining for thrombomodulin. The relationship between the presence of endothelium and thrombomodulin expression failed to show any correlation within the first 2 weeks (p=0.306). However, a strong correlation was seen after 1 month (p=0.0008). Conclusion: Tissue storage in either $4^{\circ}C\;or\;-170^{\circ}C$ in 10% DMSO/RPMI-1640 preservation solution preserved grafts equally well. In terms of thrombosis and graft patency, arterial grafts were superior to venous grafts. Considering the poor correlation between thrombomodulin expression and the presence of an endothelium in the implanted graft within the first two weeks, grafts in this period would not be thromboresistant.

배경: 최근 관상동맥우회술 및 말초 혈관 수술의 증가로 동종 이식편 혹은 합성 도관의 필요성이 제기되고 있으나, 만족스럽지 못한 장기 개존율로 널리 사용되지 못하고 있다. 최근 냉동보존된 동종 판막의 생육성 유지의 잠재력이 밝혀지면서, 냉장보존 및 냉동보존된 동종 동맥 혹은 정맥이식편의 실험적인 연구와 임상 적용이 시도되고 있다. 대상 및 방법 : $4^{\circ}C$ 냉장보존과 $-170^{\circ}C$ 냉동보존된 한국산 잡견의 대퇴 동맥 및 대복재 정맥을 수여견의 대퇴 동맥에 이식하여, 냉장보존 및 냉동보존된 동맥과 정맥의 개존율의 차이와 생육성에 따른 내피세포의 기능을 시간대별로 관찰하였다. 결과: RPMI-1640을 배양액으로 하는 3일간의 $4^{\circ}C$냉장보존법과 10% DMSO${\cdot}$RPMI-1640 을 배양액으로 하는 2주간의 $-170^{\circ}C$의 냉동보존법은 혈류량(개존율)(p=0.264), 혈전의 발생 정도(p=0.264)와 내피의 존재 정도(p=0.587), 트롬보모듈린(thrombomodulin) 면역조직화학 염색에도 차이가 없었다(p=0.657). 동맥 이식편과 정맥 이식편은 보존방법에 관계없이 동맥 이식편이 정맥 이식편보다 혈류가 좋았고(p=0.030), 혈전의 발생 정도가 낮았다(p=0.030). 혈전의 정도 및 내피의 존재 유무와 트롬보모듈린의 면역조직화학적 염색의 상관관계를 보았을 때, 혈전의 정도와 면역조직화학적 염색 정도와의 상관관계 계수는 0.654였으며(p=0.006), 내피의 존재와 면역조직화학적 염색 정도와의 상관관계 계수는 0.520 이었다.(p=0.0049). 이식편을 수여견에 이식 후 적출한 이식편을 기간별로 내피의 존재 여부와 면역조직화학적 염색 정도와의 상관관계를 살펴보면 2주일 전에는 상관관계가 없었으나(p=0.306), 1개윌 후에는 상관관계 계수가 0.931 이었다(p=0.0008). 결론: RPMI를 배양액으로 하는 3 일간의 $4^{\circ}C$냉장보존과 10% DMSO${\cdot}$RPMI-1640을 배양액으로 하는 2주간의 $-170^{\circ}C$의 냉동보존은 최소한 같은 정도의 생육성이 유지된 혈관 보존을 할 수 있었다. 보존방법에 관계없이 동맥 이식편은 정맥 이식편 보다 혈전의 발생률이 적었으며, 혈류량으로 평가한 개존율이 우수하였다. 트롬보모율련의 역할을 고려할 때, 이식 후 2주일 전에 적출된 이식편에는 내피가 존재하더라도 광학현미경상의 형태만 갖고 있고, 항응고 기능은 없었으나, 이식 후 1개월 이후에 적출된 이식편에서는 내피가 존재하는 경우 항응고 기능이 있는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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