DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Optimization of Ingredient Mixing Ratio for Preparation of Chinese Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Jam

무 잼 재료 혼합비율의 최적화

  • Park, Jung-Eun (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University) ;
  • Kim, Mi-Jung (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Anyang Univerisity) ;
  • Jang, Myung-Sook (Dept. of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University)
  • 박정은 (단국대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김미정 (안양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 장명숙 (단국대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2009.02.28

Abstract

This study was performed to find the optimum ratio of ingredients in the Chinese radish jam. The experiment was designed according to the RSM (response surface methodology), which included 18 experimental points with 4 replicates for three independent variables (sugar $45{\sim}70%$, pectin $0.5{\sim}2.0.%$, citric acid $0.2{\sim}0.5%$). The compositional and functional properties of the prepared products were measured, and these values were applied to the mathematical models. By use of F-test, sweetness, color values (L, a, b), and firmness were expressed by a linear model, while the sensory characteristics (color, smell, taste, texture and overall acceptance) were by a quadratic model. In the numeric optimization, the optimal ingredient amounts were 53.7% sugar, 1.0% pectin, and 0.3% citric acid. And in the graphical optimization, 53.9% sugar, 1.0% pectin, and 0.3% citric acid; these data were equivalent to 0.6985 desirability, indicating that the values were almost equivalent to the numerical optimization points. The above results demonstrate the feasibility of Chinese radish jam, and therefore, the commercialization of a Chinese radish jam marketed as a functional food is deemed possible.

본 연구는 무의 저장성을 높이고 무를 이용한 가공식품 개발의 일환으로 반응표면분석법(RSM: Response Surface Methodology)을 이용하여 무 잼 제조 시 최적의 재료 혼합 비율을 찾고자 하였다. 잼의 품질에 가장 영향을 미치는 설탕, 펙틴과 구연산 첨가율을 독립변수로 설정하였고, 범위는 예비실험을 거쳐 각각 $45{\sim}70%$, $0.5{\sim}2.0%$, $0.2{\sim}0.5%$로 하였다. 실험 결과를 모델링하여 유의성을 검증한 결과 당도, 명도, 적색도, 황색도, 견고성은 linear 모델이, 관능검사 모든 항목에서는 quadratic 모델이 설정되었다. 모델의 적합성을 분석한 결과 적색도와 관능검사 항목 중 냄새를 제외한 모든 항목에서 probability가 모두 5% 이내에서 유의성을 보이고, 적합결여검증의 결과에서도 적색도와 관능검사 중 냄새를 제외한 모든 항목에서 5% 이내의 유의성을 보여 모델의 적합함이 인정되었다. 반응표면과 trace plot의 결과 설탕과 펙틴 첨가율이 많아질수록 색은 어둡고 노랗게 되었고 견고성은 증가하였다. 관능검사 결과에서도 설탕 첨가율에 의하여 많은 영향을 받았으며, 적정 수준 이상의 설탕, 펙틴과 구연산을 첨가할 경우에는 좋아하지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 무 잼의 최적 재료 혼합비율을 설정한 결과 설탕 53.7%, 펙틴 1.0%, 구연산 0.3%로 설정되었고, 이 조건으로 직접 무 잼을 만들어 물리적 특성을 측정해 본 결과와 예측한 결과와 유사한 값을 보였다. 본 실험의 최적 조건으로 만든 무 잼의 경우 시판하고 있는 잼의 당도와 견고성의 중 간 값 정도의 범위에 포함되어 잼으로서의 상태가 양호한 것을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 무를 이용한 잼 가공이 가능한 것을 알 수 있었고 무 잼의 최적의 상태를 만들기 위한 조건도 설정되어 이를 이용한 무 잼의 산업화도 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. 농촌진흥청. 2001. 식품성분표. 식품의약품안전본부, 제6개정판
  2. Choi MK. 2003. Analysis of manganese contents in 30 Korean common foods. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 32: 1408-1413 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2003.32.8.1408
  3. Rtu Sh, Jeon YS, Moon JW, Lee YS, Moon GS. 1997. Effect of kimchi ingredients to reactive oxygen species in skin cell cytotoxicity. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 26: 998-1005
  4. Kim JM, Shim MK, Hwang HS. 1989. Physico-chemical changes of radish cubes for kakdugi during salting. Korean J Food Sci Technol 21: 300-306
  5. Kim GH. 1999. Optimization of minimally processed white radish for kkakttugi preparation. Korean J Soc Food Sci 15: 633-638
  6. Lee KD, Jeong YJ. 1999. Optimization on organoleptic properties of red pepper jam by response surface methodology. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 28: 1269-1274
  7. 식품의약품안전청. 2003. 식품공전
  8. 정혜정. 2001. 조리용어사전. 한국조리학회, 서울. p 244
  9. 김정목, 정동옥, 장형수, 장기. 2003. 식품가공저장학. 신광문화사, 서울. p 105-110
  10. 송재철, 박현정. 1998. 최신 식품가공.저장학. 도서출판 효일, 서울. p 288-294
  11. Shim WM, Lee SH, Bock JY. 1989. Studies on the developing new methods to prepare strawberry jam. Korean J Food & Nutr 2: 27-31
  12. Lee SH, Lee YC. 1993. Preparation and quality properties of the jam aroma-recovered. Korean J Food & Nutr 6: 281-286
  13. Park SJ, Lee JH, Rhim JH, Kwon KS, Jang HG, Yu MY. 1994. The change of anthocyanin and spreadmether value of strawberry jam by heating and preservation. Korean J Food Sci Technol 26: 365-369
  14. Byun MU, Yook HS, Ahn HJ, Lee KH, Lee HJ. 2000. Quality evaluation of strawberry jams prepared with refined dietary fiber from ascidian (Halocymthoa roretzi) tunic. Korean J Food Sci Technol 32: 1068-1072
  15. Kim MY, Chun SS. 2001. Effects of onions on the quality characteristics of strawberry jam. Korean J Soc Food Cookery Sci 17: 316-322
  16. Kim KS, Chae YK. 1997. The effects of addition of oligosaccharide on the quality characteristics of tomato jam. Korean J Soc Food Sci 13: 348-355
  17. Hou WN, Kim MH. 1998. Processing of low sugar jams from fig pulp treated with pectinesterase. Korean J Sci Technol 30: 125-131
  18. Song IS, Lee KM, Kim MR. 2004. Quality characteristics of pumpkin jam when sucrose was replaced with oligosaccharides during storage. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 20: 279-286
  19. Park MK. 2007. Quality characteristics of strawberry jam containing sugar alcohols. Korean J Sci Technol 39: 44-49
  20. Kim MJ, Yoon SH, Jung MH, Choe E. 2008. Effects of sugar and pectin on the quality characteristics of low sugar wild vine (Vitis coignetiea) jam. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 24: 206-211
  21. Cha YJ, Lee EH, Park DC. 1988. Studies on the processing and utilization of seaweeds-Studies on the processing of sea mustard jam-. J Korean Fish Soc 21: 42-49
  22. Kim KS, Paik SH. 1998. The effects on quality characteristics resulting from the use of varying amounts of garlics as additives in apple jams. Korean J Soc Food Sci 14: 553-559
  23. Kim JG, Choi HS, Kim WJ, OH HI. 1999. Physical and sensory characteristics of persimmon jam prepared with enzyme treated persimmon juice. Korean J Soc Food Sci 15: 50-54
  24. Ahn CB, Shin TS, Nam TS. 2000. A trial for preparation of jam using sea mustard stem. J Korean Fish Soc 33: 423-430
  25. Kim HB, Ryu KS. 2000. Sensory characteristics of mulberry fruit jam & wine. Korean J Seric Sci 42: 73-77
  26. Koh JS, Yang YT. 2001. Preparation of fig jam and its quality characteristics. Korean J Postharvest Sci Technol 8: 169-174
  27. Kim SJ, Moon JS, Kim JM, Kang SG, Jung ST. 2004. Preparation of jam using Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 33: 598-602 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.3.598
  28. Lee GD, Kim SK, Lee MH. 2005. Optimization of preparation condition of oriental melon jam by response methodology. Korean J Food Preserv 12: 216-222
  29. Kim YS. 2005. Antimicrobial activity of yacon K-23 and manufacture of functional yacon jam. Korean J Food Sci Technol 37: 1035-1038
  30. Sim KH, Joo NM, Han YS. 2006. Optimization of garlic jam making by response surface methodology. J Korean Diet Assoc 12: 32-43
  31. Myers RH, Montgomery DC. 1995. Response surface methodology: Process and product optimization using designed experiments. John Wiley & Sons, New York. p 364-370
  32. Derringer G, Suich R. 1980. Simultaneous optimization of several response variables. J Quality Technol 12: 214-219
  33. Angle M, Jordi R, Xavier R. 2000. Lack of fit in linear regression considering errors in both axes. Chemometr Intell Lab Syst 54: 61-73 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7439(00)00104-0
  34. 장명숙. 2007. 식품과 조리원리. 도서출판 효일, 서울. p 55, 116
  35. 권용주, 권중호, 박근형, 박양균, 양희천. 2006. 식품화학. 양지문화사, 서울. p 77-85
  36. 채수규, 김수희, 신두호, 오현근, 이송주, 장명호, 최웅. 2003. 표준식품화학. 도서출판 효일, 서울. p 268-272

Cited by

  1. Quality Properties and Storage Characteristics of Hamburger Patty Added with Purple Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) vol.42, pp.12, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2013.42.12.1994
  2. Comparison of the Physicochemical Quality Characteristics of Strawberry Jams by Processing Methods vol.19, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2012.19.3.337
  3. Quality Characteristics of Pear Jam with Added Ginger Powder vol.24, pp.2, 2011, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2011.24.2.159
  4. Feasibility of using kimchi by-products as a source of functional ingredients vol.59, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13765-016-0227-y
  5. 과열증기를 이용한 무우절임 제품의 제조공정 설정 및 품질 개선효과 vol.24, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2017.24.5.600
  6. 가공 방법을 달리한 무차의 이화학적 품질 특성과 항산화 활성 vol.24, pp.1, 2009, https://doi.org/10.20878/cshr.2018.24.1.008
  7. Optimization of Radish Jungkwa Containing Ginger, Turmeric, and Citron Using Response Surface Methodology vol.29, pp.3, 2019, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2019.6.29.3.209
  8. Quality Characteristics and Optimization of Ginger Pear Jam Prepared with Sugar, Pectin, and Citric Acid, Using the Response Surface Methodology vol.31, pp.1, 2009, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2021.2.31.1.26