DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Dietary Plant Extracts (Coxynil®, Growell®, Respowell®) in Broilers

사료 내 식물추출물 복합제(Coxynil®, Growell®, Respowell®) 첨가가 육계의 성장에 미치는 영향

  • 조상범 (건국대학교 동물생명과학부) ;
  • 권승현 (건국대학교 동물생명과학부) ;
  • 이준형 (건국대학교 동물생명과학부) ;
  • 이윤정 (건국대학교 동물생명과학부) ;
  • 강창원 (건국대학교 동물생명과학부) ;
  • 백현동 (건국대학교 동물생명과학부) ;
  • 장병준 (건국대학교 수의학과) ;
  • 김수기 (건국대학교 동물생명과학부)
  • Published : 2009.11.30

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the supplementation effect of dietary natural plant extracts (NP: $Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ and $Respowell^{(R)}$) on broiler chickens. Forty thousand male broilers with 7 days adaptation after hatching were fed experiment diets for 34 days. The supplementation effects of NP on growth performance, blood parameters and biopsy were examined with twenty thousand broilers as the treatment group. Twenty thousand broilers for the control group (CON) were fed the diet with salinomycin-6, clopidol-25, enramycin-1, and BMD-2.5. In the diet of the treatment group, the antibiotics were replaced with 0.03%, 0.035% and 0.03% of $Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ and $Respowell^{(R)}$, respectively. The weight gain of the treatment group was increased but the feed intake was decreased, indicating that feed efficiency was increased compared to the CON. The mortality of the NP group was also lower compared to the CON group (1,008 birds to 1,693 birds), showing positive dietary effects from natural plant extracts. In the activity of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and new cattle disease virus (NDV) antibodies, the NP showed lower antibody titer levels for both of IBDV and NDV compared to the CON. The levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, globulin, and IgG in blood did not show significant differences between the groups. In the microscopic tissue analysis, no significant differences were detected. These results may suggest that a complex of three natural plant extracts can be used as alternative antibiotics in broilers.

본 연구는 육계 사료에 식물추출물($Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ 그리고 $Respowell^{(R)}$)의 첨가가 육계의 성장, 혈액 성상 그리고 조직 내 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하고, 또한 항생제 대체효과가 가능한가를 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 총 40,000수의 Ross 종 수평아리를 공시하여 34일 동안 사양실험을 실시하였으며, 대조군(CON)으로 salinomycin-6, clopidol-25, enramycin-1 그리고 BMD-2.5를 포함하는 항생제 첨가사료를 20,000수에게 급여하였으며, 식물추출물 급여군(NP)은 항생 제대체제로 Growell India사에서 판매되는 $Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$ 그리고 $Respowell^{(R)}$을 각각 0.03%, 0.035% 그리고 0.03%씩 첨가하여 20,000수에게 급여하였다. 종료시 체중, 증체량 그리고 사료섭취량에 있어서 CON과 NP간의 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 NP군의 사료섭취량이 다소 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 한편 시험기간 동안 CON군은 총 1,693 수가 폐사하였으나 NP 군은 1,008수가 폐사하여 식물추출물의 급여가 육계를 보다 건강하게 생육시키는 긍정적인 결과를 보였다. 항체 생성 반응에 있어서는 NP군이 CON군에 비하여 낮은 IBDV와 NDV 항체역가를 나타내었다. 혈액 중 total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, globulin 및 IgG 함량에서도 NP군과 CON군 간의 유의적인 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 실험 종료후, 각 장기의 조직을 적출한 후에 조직 상태를 조사한 결과 CON군과 NP군 간의 큰 차이점이 발견되지 않았다. Salinomycin-6, clopidol-25, enramycin-1 및 BMD-2.5 등의 항생제를 각각 Cinnamomum camphora, Zingiber officinale 그리고 Operculina turpethum을 주성분으로하는 $Coxynil^{(R)}$, $Growell^{(R)}$$Respowell^{(R)}$으로 대체하여 육계 사양실험을 실시한 결과, 상호간에 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구 결과를 통하여, 상기 3종류의 식물 추출물들의 복합첨가는 육계 사양시 항생제를 대체할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Anbuselvam, C., K. Vijayavel, and M. P. Bala subramanian. 2007. Protective effect of Operculina turpethum against 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene induced oxidative stress with reference to breast cancer in experimental rats. Chem. BioI. Interact. 168, 229-236 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2007.04.007
  2. Cho, B. I., S. J. You, E. J. Kim, B. K. Ahn, H. D. Paik, C. W. Yun, H. I. Chang, S. W. Kim, and C. W. Kang. 2008. Effects of the combination feeding of $\beta$-glucan and multi-species probiotics on growth performance and microflora in broiler chickens. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 50, 89-98 https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2008.50.1.089
  3. Cowan, M. M. 1999. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12, 564-582
  4. Esquenazi, D., M. D. Wigg, M. M. F. S. Miranda, H. M. Rodrigues, J. B. F. Tostes, S. ozental, A. J. R. da Silva, and C. S. Alviano. 2002. Antimicrobial and antiviral activities of polyphenolics from Cocos nucifera Linn. (Palmae) husk fiber extract. Res. Microbiol. 153, 647-652 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0923-2508(02)01377-3
  5. Gibson, G. R. and M. B. Roberfroid. 1995. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J. Nutr. 125, 1401-1412
  6. Griffin, H. and D. Hermier. 1988. Plasma lipoprotein metabolism and fattening in poultry. In:Leanness in Domestic Birds-Genetic, pp. 175-201, in Leclercq, B. and C.C. Whidehead (eds.), Metabolic and Hormonal Aspects. Butterworth & Co. Ltd. INRA
  7. Guo, F. C., R. P. Kwakkel, J. Soede, B. A. Williams, and M. W. Verstegen. 2004. Effect of a Chinese herb medicine formulation, as an alternative for antibiotics, on performance of broilers. Br. Poult. Sci. 45, 793-797 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660400012741
  8. Guo, F. C., R. P. Kwakkel, B. A. Williams, W. K. Li, H. S. Li, J. Y. Luo, X. P. Li, Y. X. Wei, Z. T. Yan, and M. W. A. Verstegen. 2004. Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides, as alternatives for an antibiotic, on growth performance of broilers. Br. Poult. Sci. 45, 684-694 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660400006214
  9. Hong, S. J., H. Namkung, and I. K. Paik. 2001. Effect of herbal products (Micracle20$^{\circledR}$) on the performance nutrient digestibility, small intestinal microflora and immune response in broiler chickens. Korean J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 43, 671-680
  10. Jamroz, D., A. Wiliczkiewicz, T. Wertelecki, J. Orda, and J. Skorupinska. 2005. Use of active substances of plant extract origin in chicken diets based on maize and locally grown cereals. Br. Poult. Sci. 46, 485-493 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660500191056
  11. Kim, Y. R., B. K. Ahn, M. S. Kim, and C. W. Kang. 2000. Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotics ($MS^{102{\circledR}}$)on performance, blood cholesterol level, size of small intestine and intestinal microflora in broiler chicks. Korean J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 42, 849-858
  12. Ko, Y. D., J. H Sin, S. C. Kim, Y. M. Kim, K. D. Park, and J. H. Kim. 2003. Effects of dietary pro biotic on performance, noxious gas emission and microflora population on the cecum in broiler. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 45, 559-568 https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2003.45.4.559
  13. Konjufca, V. H., G. M. Pesti, and R. I. Bakalli. 1997. Modulation of cholesterol levels in broiler meat by dietary garlic and copper. Poult. Sci. 76, 1264-1271 https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/76.9.1264
  14. Lepper, M. H. 1956. Aureomycin (Chlortetracycline) antibiotics monographs. Medical encyclopedia No 7, Inc, New York
  15. Liu, C. H., X. Chen, T. T. Liu, B. Lian, Y. Gu, V. Caer, Y. R. Xue, and B. T. Wang. 2007. Study of the antifungal activity of Acinetobacter baumannii LCH in vitro and identification of its antifungal components. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.76, 459-466 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-007-1010-0
  16. Ogawa, T., Y. Asai, H. Sakamoto, and K. Yasuda. 2006. Oral immune-adjuvant activity of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei in dextran-fed layer chickens. Br. J. Nutr. 95, 430-434 https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051629
  17. Park, J. H., M. D. Ryu, S. H. Kim, C. S. Na, J. S. Kim, and K. S. Ryu. 2003. Influence of supplemental dietary yeast culture on the noxious gas emission in broiler houses and performance of broiler chicks. J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 45, 41-48 https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2003.45.1.041
  18. Schafer, M., P. Sharp, V. J. Brooks, J. XU, J. Cai, N. S. Keuler, S. F. Peek, R. G. Godbee, R. D. Schultz, and B. J. Darien. 2008. Enhanced bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli in calves fed Morinda citrifolia (Noni) puree. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 22, 499-502 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0044.x
  19. Singh, G., I. P. Kapoor, P. Singh, C. S. de Heluani, M. P. de Lampasona, and C. A. Catalan. 2008. Chemistry, antioxidant and antimicrobial investigations on essential oil and oleoresins of Zingiber officinale. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46, 3295-3302 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2008.07.017
  20. Stanley, V. G., C. Gray, M. Daley, W. F. Krueger, and A. E. Sefton. 2004. An alternative to antibiotic-based drugs in feed for enhancing performance of broilers grown on Eimeria spp.-infected litter. Poultry Sci. 83, 39-44 https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/83.1.39
  21. Suk, J. C., H. S. Lim, and I. K. Paik. 2003. Effects of blended essential oil (CRINA$^{\circledR}$)supplementation on the performance, nutrient digestibility, small intestinal microflora and fatty acid composition of meat in broiler chickens. Korean J. Anim. Sci. & Technol. 45, 777-786
  22. Wang, D. Y., Y. L. Hu, J. L. Sun, X. F. Kong, B. K. Zhang, and J. G Liu. 2005. Comparative study on adjuvanticity of compound Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients. Vaccine. 23, 3704-3708 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.02.011

Cited by

  1. Feed additives in broiler diets to produce healthy chickens without in-feed antimicrobial compounds vol.41, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7744/cnujas.2014.41.4.441