Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
권호 표지

A Study for Plant Community Structure and Management Plan of Pinus densiflora Forest in Byeonsanbando National Park

변산반도국립공원 소나무림 식물군집구조 및 관리방안 연구

  • 최진우 ((주)기술사사무소 L.E.T 부설 에코플랜연구센터) ;
  • 곽정인 (서울시립대학교 대학원) ;
  • 이경재 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대학) ;
  • 최운규 (국립공원관리공단)
  • Published : 2009.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study is intended to provide basic date for the efficient management of Pinus densiflora community by analyzing ecological characteristics of Pinus densiflora inhabiting Byeonsanbando National Park. According to investigations, P. densiflora community and P. densiflora-Quercus community are widely distributed, occupying 40.3% of the total area. 21 sites ($400m^2$per site) are selected for TWINSPAN analysis, and the result indicates that the whole community of P. densiflora and P. densiflora-Quercus can be classified into 8 types, and the age of P. densiflora is 40-50 years, which is similar to that of deciduous broad-leaved trees. The 8 community types are: P. densiflora community which competes with Quercus variabilis; P. densiflora community in which Fraxinus sieboldiana and Quercus serrata grow in the understory layer; P. densifloa community in which Q. serrata grow in the understory layer and Smilax china var. microphylla in the shrub layer respectively; P. densifloa community in which P. densiflora and F. sieboldiana grow in the understory layer; P. densiflora community which competes with Q. serrata and Carpinus tschonoskii; P. densiflora community which competes with Q. variabilis and Q. serrata; P. densiflora community in which Prunus sargentii grow; P. densiflora community in which Abies holophylla grow. P. densiflora community which competes with Q. variablis and C. tschonoskii seems to be in a stage of succession to deciduous broad-leaved community. The analysis indicates that Shannon diversity index is 0.2756-1.3879. It also indicates that there is a negative correlation between P. densiflora and Q. variabilis and C. tschonoskii; there is a positive correlation between P. densiflora and F. sieboldiana and Rhododendron schlippenbachii. These investigations show that the transformation of vegetation is already under way. There is a possibility that ecological succession can take place in 30.4% of the total area from P. densiflora to Quercus and deciduous broad - leaved trees. Therefore, it is recommended that the preservation and maintenance of P. densiflora be implemented by taking control of competing species which undermine the stability of P. densiflora forest community.

본 연구는 변산반도국립공원 소나무군집의 식생구조 특성을 분석하여 소나무군집의 관리방안 수립하고 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 변산반도국립공원 전체 현존식생 조사결과 소나무군집과 소나무-참나무류군집이 40.3%의 넓은 면적으로 분포하였다. 소나무군집 내에 설정한 21개 조사지(단위면적: $400m^2$)의 TWINSPAN 분석결과 8개 유형으로 구분되었으며 수령 분석결과 소나무와 낙엽활엽수와의 수령이 40~50년생으로 유사하였다. 8개 유형은 굴참나무와 경쟁하는 소나무군집, 아교목층에 쇠물푸레나무와 졸참나무가 출현하는 소나무군집, 아교목층에 졸참나무, 관목층에 청미래덩굴이 출현하는 소나무군집, 아교목층에서 소나무와 쇠물푸레가 출현하는 소나무 군집, 졸참나무, 개서어나무와 경쟁하는 소나무군집, 굴참나무, 졸참나무와 경쟁하는 소나무군집, 산벚나무가 출현하는 소나무군집, 전나무가 출현하는 소나무군집이었다. 굴참나무, 졸참나무 등 참나무류, 개서어나무와 경쟁하는 소나무림은 향후 이들 낙엽활엽수림으로의 천이가 예측되었다. 샤논의 종다양도지수는 0.2756~1.3879이었으며 상관관계 분석결과 소나무는 굴참나무, 개서어나무 등과 유의적인 부의 상관관계가, 쇠물푸레나무, 철쭉꽃 등과는 유의적인 정의 상관관계가 인정되었다. 변산반도국립공원 소나무림 식생구조 분석 결과 일부 참나무류, 낙엽활엽수로 천이가 예측되는 지역이 전체면적의 30.4%로 분포하여 관리방안으로 소나무림 경관보전을 위한 보존지역 설정과 참나무류, 개서어나무 등 경쟁수종의 관리를 제안하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Brower, J. E. and J. H. Zar(1997) Field and laboratory methodsfor general ecology. Wm. C. Brown Company. 194pp
  2. Curtis, J. T. and R. P. McIntosh(1951) An upland forest continuumin the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin.Ecology 32:476-496 https://doi.org/10.2307/1931725
  3. Hill, M. O.(1979) TWINS PAN- a FORTRAN program for arrangingmultivariate data in an ordered two way table byclassification of the individuals and attribute. Ecology andSystematics, Cornell University. Ithaca, N.Y. 99pp
  4. Jo, J. C.(1987) Studies on the Conservation of Pinus densifloraCommunity in the Nature Park -Case Study of HongruDong Ravine, Mt. Gaya National Park-. Thesis for theDegree of Master, Graduate School,Universith of Seoul,56pp
  5. Jo, J. C., W. Cho and B. H. Han(1995) The plant communitystructure of Pinus densiflorain forest in ChuwangsanNational Park. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 8(2): 121-134
  6. Kwon, J. O.(2003) A study on the application of the ecologicalevaluation for the nature-friendly residential site developmentplanning. University of Seoul graduate school dissertation for the degree of doctor, 281 pp
  7. Lee, C. Y(1993) Soil of Pinus densiflora forest. A Series ofForest and Culture. 1(-): 24-26
  8. Lee, C. B(1980) Flora of Korea. Hyangmoonsa, Seoul, 990pp
  9. Lee, K. J., J. C. Jo and J. S. Woo(1989) Analysis of the PlantCommunity Structure in Gayasan National Park by theOrdination and Classification Technique. Kor. J. Env. Eco.3(1): 28-4l
  10. Lee, K. 1., K. B. Yim, J. C. Jo and C. H. Ryu(1990) Studieson the Structure of the Forest Community in Mt. Sokri( I)-The Conservation Planning of Pinus densiflora Community-.Kor. J. Env. Eco. 4(1): 23-32
  11. Lee, K. J., W. Cho and B. H. Han(1996) Restoration and statusof urban ecosystem in Seoul -plant community structure inforest area-. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 10(1):113~127.
  12. Ludwig, J. A. and J. F. Reynolds(1988) Statistical ecology - aprimer on methods and computing. John Wiley & Sons Publication, N.Y. 337pp
  13. Monk, C. D., G. 1. Child and S. A. Nicholson(1969) SpeciesDiversity of a Stratified Oak-hickory Community. Ecology,50(3): 468-470 https://doi.org/10.2307/1933901
  14. Park, I. H, K. J. Lee and J. C. Jo(1987) Forest CommunityStructure of Mt. Bukhan area. Kor. J. Env. Eco. I: 1-24
  15. Park, I. H, K. J. Lee and J. C. Jo(1988) Structure of ForestCommunities in Chiak Mountain National Park -Case Studyof Guryong Temple-Birobong Area-. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 2(1):1-9
  16. Pielou, E. C.(1975) Mathematical ecology. John Wiley&Sons,N.Y. 385pp
  17. Yim, K. B., K. J. Lee and J. H. Park(1980) PhytosociologicalChanges of Pinus densiflora Forest Induced by InsectDamage in Kyonggi-do Area. Journal of Korean Forestry.50: 56-71