Experimental and Molecular Medicine

Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biongy (생화학분자생물학회)
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Fenofibrate inhibits adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance by activating adipose $PPAR{\alpha}$ in high fat diet-induced obese mice

Jeong, Sun-Hyo;Yoon, Mi-Chung

  • Published : 20090600
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Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor $\alpha$ ($PPAR{\alpha}$) activation in rodents is thought to improve insulin sensitivity by decreasing ectopic lipids in non-adipose tissues. Fenofibrate, a lipid-modifying agent that acts as a $PPAR{\alpha}$ agonist, may prevent adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance by increasing intracellular lipolysis from adipose tissue. Consistent with this hypothesis, fenofibrate decreased visceral fat mass and adipocyte size in high fat diet-fed obese mice, and concomitantly increased the expression of $PPAR{\alpha}$ target genes involved in fatty acid $\beta$-oxidation in both epididymal adipose tissue and differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. However, mRNA levels of adipose marker genes, such as leptin and $TNF{\alpha}$, were decreased in epididymal adipose tissue by fenofibrate treatment. Fenofibrate not only reduced circulating levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides, but also normalized hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia in obese mice. Blood glucose levels of fenofibrate-treated mice were significantly reduced during intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test compared with obese controls. These results suggest that fenofibrate-induced fatty acid $\beta$-oxidation in visceral adipose tissue may be one of the major factors leading to decreased adipocyte size and improved insulin sensitivity.

Keywords

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