Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
권호 표지

Changes of Soil, Growth, and Fruit Quality by Soil Surface Management under Tree in Sod Culture of Apple Orchard

초생재배 과수원에서의 수관하부 토양표면관리방법에 따른 토양과 사과나무 생육 및 과실특성의 변화

Choi, Dong-Geun;Seo, Byung-Sun;Kang, In-Kyu
최동근;서병선;강인규

  • Published : 2009.06.30
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Abstract

The effect of soil surface management under tree in sod culture on soil and weeds, and on apple (Malus domestica) tree growth, fruit quality, and yield was studied in 2006 and 2007 at the experimental orchard at Jangsu in Jeollabuk-do. The experimental orchard was established with the apple 'Fuji' on the rootstock M9. After planting, the following systems of soil surface management under tree in sod culture were employed: (i) sod management, (ii) shading screen mulching, (iii) non-woven fabric mulching, and (iv) clean management. The soil surface temperature in clean management was higher than in sod and mulching management during the growing season. Just after rainfall the water content of soil surface was similar in all treatments as 37.8-39.2% but 15 days after rainfall, the soil water content in sod and clean management (19.1-19.8%) was lower than in mulching treatments (23.7-24.6%). There were no significant effects on soil pH, exchangeable cations (K, Ca, Mg), and organic substances by treatments. The weed population and dry weight were significantly increased in sod management but decreased in mulching management at 3 months after treatments. The average shoot growth was recorded 16.6 cm in sod management, 18.1 cm in non-fabric mulching, 19.7 cm in shading screen mulching and 20.1 cm in clean management. The terminal bud in sod management was smaller than mulching and clean management. There was a higher hunter a value of fruit in sod management (26.8) and the lowest values were recorded in shading screen mulching (21.5). The highest percentile of over 375 g fruits was recorded in clean management (71%), and followed by shading screen mulching (70%), non-woven fabric mulching (64%), in sod management (56%).

과수원 초생재배시 수관하부 토양표면관리방법이 토양과 잡초발생, 그리고 사과나무의 생육과 과실품질 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 열간은 초생재배를 하고 사과나무 수관하부의 토양표면관리방법은 다르게 하여 2006년부터 2007년까지 '후지'/M.9으로 전라북도 장수에서 실험을 실시하였다. 수관하부는 (i) 초생관리구, (ii) 차광망멀칭구, (iii) 개량부직포멀칭구, (iv) 청경관리구로 나누어 처리하였다. 고온기의 지온은 청경관리구가 초생관리구나 멀칭관리구 보다 높게 나타났다. 강우 직후 토양수분함량은 37.8-39.2%로 차이가 없었으나, 강우 15일 후에는 청경관리구와 초생관리구가 19.1-19.8%로 멀칭관리구의 23.7-24.6%보다 낮았다. 토양산도, 치환성양이온(K, Ca, Mg), 유기물함량은 처리간 차이가 없었다. 잡초발생량은 처리 3개월 후 초생관리구에서는 잡초의 개체수와 건물중이 크게 증가한 반면 차광망멀칭구와 개량부직포멀칭구에서는 현저하게 감소되었다. 발근량은 수관관리방법에 따라 통계적 차이가 없었다. 신초의 길이는 초생관리구에서 16.6cm, 개량부직포멀칭구에서 18.1cm, 차광망멀칭구에서 19.7cm, 청경관리구에서 20.1cm로 청경관리구가 가장 길었다. 초생관리구는 청경관리구와 멀칭구에 비하여 정아의 크기가 약간 작았다. 당도는 처리간 차이가 없었으나 Hunter a 값은 초생관리구에서 26.8로 가장 높았고 차광망멀칭구가 21.5로 가장 낮았다. 등급별 수량은 375g이상의 대과비율이 청경관리구 71%, 차광망멀칭구 70%, 개량부직포멀칭구 64%, 초생관리구 56%, 순이었다.

Keywords

References

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