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Depression Level among Family Caregivers of Hospice Patients

호스피스 환자 간병 가족의 우울 수준

Kim, Sam-Cheol;Jeoung, Da-Woon;Son, Hyo-Rim
김삼철;정다운;손효림

  • Published : 20090300

Abstract

Background: It is expected that the number of families who provide caregiving for hospice patients will be increased in this society. Family caregiver will have financial, psychological, social burden and stress related to this responsibility. Hospice patients, facing death, need not only biomedical therapy, but also systematic and continuous treatments such as mental or psycho-social intervention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the family caregiver's depression level and the associated factors. Methods: The survey was conducted with 62 family caregivers of the hospice patients who had been hospitalized at the Gwangju Veterans Hospital from December 2005 to May 2006. The questionnaire consisted of the general characteristics of the subjects, Beck's depression inventory (BDI) evaluating the depression level and family APGAR score evaluating the family function. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 58.2 years. The relationship with patients as 'spouse' accounted for 42 individuals (67.7%). The mean (${\pm}$ SD) BDI score was 25.3 (${\pm}$ 10.1) points and 58 percent of the subjects were suggested to have depression tendency (${\geq}$ 21 point). There was no relationship between the caregiver's depression level and their gender, religion, household income and Family APGAR score. However, the depression level was significant related to the total caregiving duration (P = 0.001), visiting frequency of visitors (P = 0.004) and caregiving hours per day (P = 0.005). Conclusion: More than half of the family caregivers were suggested to have depression tendency. The depression level was influenced by the burden of caregiving and the visiting frequency of visitors. There is a need to activate social resources to share the burden of caregiving and to develop continuous and comprehensive care for hospice patients and their families.

연구배경: 국민소득의 증가와 보건의료수준의 향상으로 인하여 질병의 조기발견과 치료율이 높아지고 있으나 완치가 불가능한 말기암과 만성질환자들의 호스피스 등록은 증가하고 있다. 특히 이들은 더 이상 치료서비스를 제공받을 수 없어 의학적인 관심에서 제외되게 되고, 이들을 간호하는 가족들은 스트레스와 부담감을 갖게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 호스피스환자의 가족간병인의 우울 수준과 그에 영향을 미치는 인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2005년 12월부터 2006년 5월까지의 기간 동안 광주광역시의 일개 2차종합병원에 입원한 호스피스환자들의 가족 간병인 62명을 대상으로 사회인구학적인 사항과 총 간병기간, 하루 중 간병시간, 방문객들의 방문빈도, 우울수준을 평가하는 Beck's depression inventory (BDI), 가족기능지수를 조사하여 우울수준과 관련된 인자를 알아보았다. 결과: 조사 대상자의 평균(${\pm}$표준편차) 연령은 58.2 (${\pm}$12.0)세였고 간병인과 환자와의 관계로는 배우자가 42명(67.7%)으로 가장 많았다. BDI 점수의 평균(${\pm}$표준편차)은 25.3 (${\pm}$10.1)점이었으며 우울증의 기준점을 21점으로 하였을 때 36명(58%)에서 우울증이 의심되었다. 간병기간이 길수록(P=0.001), 병원방문객의 방문 빈도가 적을수록(P=0.004), 간병인이 하루 중 간병하는 간병시간이 길수록(P=0.005) 우울수준이 높아졌고 이들 세 변수의 설명력은 43.5%였다. 간병인의 성별이나 종교, 주 부양자의 수입, 가족기능지수 등은 간병인의 우울수준과 연관이 없었다. 결론: 호스피스환자 가족간병인의 절반 이상에서 우울증이 의심되었으며 간병시간과 하루 중 간병시간이 길수록, 그리고 방문객의 방문빈도가 적을수록 우울 수준과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 앞으로 이러한 요인들을 개선하여 호스피스환자 진료시 가족 간병인에 대한 배려로서 하루 중 간병시간을 가족들이 서로 분담하거나 주변 방문객들의 격려를 자원으로 활용하는 방안을 모색하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각한다.

Keywords

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