Korean Journal of Family Medicine (가정의학회지)

The Korean Academy of Family Medicine (대한가정의학회)
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The Effect of Laughter Therapy on Sleep in the Community-dwelling Elderly

지역사회 노인에서 웃음 치료가 수면에 미치는 영향

  • Jung, Hyun-Wook (Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Youn, Chang-Ho (Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Cho, Nu-Ri (Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Mi-Kyung (Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Bum (Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
  • 정현욱 (경북대학교 의과대학 가정의학교실) ;
  • 윤창호 (경북대학교 의과대학 가정의학교실) ;
  • 조누리 (경북대학교 의과대학 가정의학교실) ;
  • 이미경 (경북대학교 의과대학 가정의학교실) ;
  • 이정범 (경북대학교 의과대학 가정의학교실)
  • Published : 20090700
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Abstract

Background: Aging process causes several changes in the typical sleep patterns. Elderly people complain frequently about sleep duration, changes of sleep/wake rhythm and day time sleepiness. This study was performed to evaluate improvement of sleep quality after laughter therapy. Methods: On July 2007, the study participants aged over 65 were recruited through a community center in Daegu. There were 48 subjects in the experimental group and 61 in the control group. The laughter therapy program was applied to the experimental group. We compared Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before and after laughter therapy. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, chi-square test, paired t-test, and ANCOVA using SPSS windows ver. 14.0. Results: At initial study, there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. The ISI scores were 8.00 ${\pm}$ 6.29 and 8.36 ${\pm}$ 6.38; the PSQI scores were 6.98 ${\pm}$ 3.41 and 7.38 ${\pm}$ 3.70; The Geriatric Depression Seals (GDS) scores were 7.98 ${\pm}$ 3.58 and 8.08 ${\pm}$ 3.95 in experimental and control groups, respectively. After laughter therapy, the ISI scores were 7.58 ${\pm}$ 5.38 (P = 0.327) and 9.31 ${\pm}$ 6.35 (P = 0.019), PSQI scores were 6.04 ${\pm}$ 2.35 (P = 0.019) and 7.30 ${\pm}$ 3.74 (P = 0.847), GDS scores were 6.94 ${\pm}$ 3.19 (P = 0.027), 8.43 ${\pm}$ 3.44 (P = 0.422) in experimental and control groups, respectively. Conclusion: The laughter therapy is considered to be useful for the elderly people in a community that improves insomnia and sleep quality.

연구배경: 많은 수의 노인들이 수면 만족도 저하, 잠들기 어려움, 주간 졸림 등 다양한 형태의 수면 장애를 호소하고 있다. 현재 이러한 문제에 도움을 주고자 많은 비약물적 중재 방법들이 논의되고 있는데, 그 중 하나인 웃음 치료가 수면의 질 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되어 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 2007년 7월 일개지역 사회복지관을 방문한 65세 이상의 노인 200명을 대상으로 무작위로 각각 100명씩 웃음 치료군과 대조군으로 선정하였다. 총 4회의 웃음 치료 완료 한달 뒤 다시 설문 조사를 시행하였으며, 이 중 2회의 설문 조사에 모두 응답한 웃음치료군 48명, 대조군 61명을 최종 대상자로 선정하였다. 불면증과 수면의 질 측정 도구로는 Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)와 Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)를 사용하였으며, 통계 분석은 SPSS windows ver. 14.0을 이용하여 independent t-test, paired t-test, 카이제곱검정과 공분산분석 시행하였다. 결과: 웃음 치료군과 대조군의 평균 나이는 각각 76.33${\pm}$6.44 세, 73.92${\pm}$7.79세였으며, 기본적인 인구학적 특성은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 웃음 치료 전 평균 ISI는 8.00${\pm}$6.29, 8.36${\pm}$6.38이었으며, PSQI는 6.98${\pm}$3.41, 7.38${\pm}$3.70으로 두 군에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 웃음 치료 완료 후 ISI는 7.58${\pm}$5.38 (P=0.327), 9.31${\pm}$6.35 (P=0.019), PSQI는 6.04${\pm}$2.35 (P=0.019), 7.30${\pm}$3.74 (P=0.847)로 웃음 치료군에서 통계적으로 유의하진 않았지만 불면증 점수 감소 및 통계적으로 유의한 수면의 질 점수 감소 효과를 보였다. 결론: 웃음 치료는 노인에 있어 불면증 개선 효과를 가졌으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았고, 수면의 질 개선에는 통계적으로 유의한 효과를 가졌다.

Keywords

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