Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
권호 표지

Current Research Status of Postharvest Technology of Grape

포도 수확후 관리기술 최근 연구 동향

Jang, Seong-Ho;Lee, Seung-Koo
장성호;이승구

  • Published : 2009.09.30
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Abstract

The grape has been classified as a non-climacteric fruit with a relatively low physiological activity. However, some studies report that transient increase of endogenous ethylene production occurs just before verasion. Major problems after harvest include stem browning, berry shattering, wilting of berry, and gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea. The grape is stored at -1 to 0${^{\circ}C}$ with 90 to 95% RH. Constant low temperature and high RH are important to control water loss and decay. Preharvest applications of chitosan, abscisic acid, ethephon, or ethanol improve grape quality (skin color, decay, and weight loss) and shelf-life. Chitosan, UV irradiation, eugenol or thymol, sulfur dioxide, and chlorine dioxide gas are treated on grape after harvest in order to extend shelf-life and preserve quality. Controlled atmosphere or modified atmosphere packaging can be used as supplemental treatments to extend postharvest-life. 2-5% O$_{2}$ + 1-3% CO$_{2}$ is currently recommended for table grapes. SO$_{2}$ is used for decay control. 10-15% CO$_{2}$ in air can be used to control gray mold. Optimum range of temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric composition depends on the cultivar.

포도는 비급등형 과실로 분류되지만 착색기 직전에 내생에틸렌이 증가하며 성숙 중 에틸렌의 영향을 받는다. 수확 후 저장 중에는 갈변, 탈립, 마름, 부패 등의 문제가 발생하는데 이를 막기 위해서는 기본적으로 수확 후 예냉을 하고 저장시에 -1~0${^{\circ}C}$, 상대 습도 90-95%를 유지해 주어야 한다. 또한 수확 전.후 처리를 통해 저장성을 높일 수 있는데 수확 전 키토산, ABA, 에테폰, 에탄올 처리와 수확 후 키토산, UV, eugenol, thymol, sulfur dioxide, chlorine dioxide 등의 처리는 포도 품질 유지와 저장 기간을 늘이는데 효과적이다. CA와 MA저장에서는 2-5% O$_{2}$+1-3% CO$_{2}$의 공기 조성이 제시되고 있다. 특히 부패를 막기 위해 사용되는 SO$_{2}$는 10-15% CO$_{2}$ 조성으로 대체될 수 있다. 이러한 다양한 저장 환경과 처리 조건은 포도의 품종과 저장기간에 따라 달라진다.

Keywords

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