Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
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Environmental Pollutants and Epigenetics

환경오염 물질과 에피제네틱스

  • Park, Sung-Kyun (Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan) ;
  • Lee, Sun-Dong (School of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University)
  • 박성균 (미시간대학교 보건대학원 환경보건학과) ;
  • 이선동 (상지대학교 한의과대학)
  • Received : 2009.09.03
  • Accepted : 2009.10.15
  • Published : 2009.10.31
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Abstract

Since Barker found associations between low birth weight and several chronic diseases later in life, the hypothesis of fetal origins of adult disease (aka, Barker Hypothesis) and epigenetics have been emerging as a new paradigm for geneenvironment interaction of chronic disease. Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene silencing that occur without any change in DNA sequence. Gene expression can be regulated by several epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, which may be associated with chronic conditions, such as cancers, cardiovascular disease, and type-2 diabetes. One carbon metabolism which involves the transfer of a methyl group catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase is an important mechanism by which DNA methylation occurs in promoter regions and/or repetitive elements of the genome. Environmental factors may induce epigenetic modification through production of reactive oxygen species, alteration of methyltransferase activity, and/or interference with methyl donors. In this review, we introduce recent studies of epigenetic modification and environmental factors, such as heavy metals, environmental hormones, air pollution, diet and psychosocial stress. We also discuss epigenetic perspectives of early life environmental exposure and late life disease occurrence.

Keywords

References

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