Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Adsorption Characteristics of Heavy Metal Ions onto Chemically Modified Rice Husk and Sawdust from Aqueous Solutions

화학적으로 개질된 왕겨 및 톱밥(미송, 참나무, 포플러)의 중금속 흡착특성

  • Lee, Hyeon-Yong (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Jeon, Choong (Department of Environmental & Applied Chemical Engineering, Kangnung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Lim, Kyoung-Jae (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Hong, Ki-Chan (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lim, Jung-Eun (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choi, Bong-Su (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Won (Korea Institute of Construction Technology) ;
  • Yang, Jae-E (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Ok, Yong-Sik (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • 이현용 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 전충 (강릉원주대학교 환경응용화학공학과) ;
  • 임경재 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 홍기찬 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 임정은 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 최봉수 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 김남원 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원연구실) ;
  • 양재의 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학) ;
  • 옥용식 (강원대학교 농업생명과학대학)
  • Published : 2009.06.30
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Abstract

Biosorption uses adsorbents derived from non-living biomass and removes toxic metals from industrial wastewater. The objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of low cost biosorbents to remove heavy metal ions (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) from aqueous solutions using chemically modified rice husk and saw dust (Pseudotsuga menziesi, Quercus, Populus). Batch-type adsorption experiments were carried out using rice husk and saw dust treated with NaOH and/or tartaric acid in artificial wastewater 100 mg metal/L). The experimental results showed that the adsorption specificity of each biosorbent was Pb > Cu > Cd > Zn irrespective of the types of biosorbents. The adsorption capacity of Pb and Cu onto NaOH-treated sawdust was increased 2${\sim}$3 times compared to the untreated one. In addition, the tartaric acid treatment increased the adsorption capacity of rice husk for Zn and Cd approximately 5${\sim}$10 fold compared to the untreated one. Surface conditions and changes in functional groups by chemical modification of each biosorbent were confirmed by SEM and FT-IR. Overall, the results show that chemical modification increases the metal removal capacity of rice bran and sawdust.

왕겨와 톱밥 3종(미송, 참나무, 포플러)을 sodium hydroxide(NaOH)와 tartaric acid($C_4H_6O_6$)를 처리한 후 중금속 흡착특성을 평가한 결과 모든 소재에서 중금속 선택성은 Pb > Cu > Cd > Zn 순으로 나타났다. 참나무 톱밥(NaOH로 개질)은 Pb(19.36 mg $g^{-1}$)과 Cu(13.47 mg $g^{-1}$)에 대해 그리고 왕겨(tartaric acid로 개질)는 Cd(5.37 mg $g^{-1}$)과 Zn(2.24 mg $g^{-1}$)에 대해 뛰어난 흡착능을 나타내었다. SEM 분석결과 4가지 소재에서 모두 NaOH 개질 후에 표면의 불순물이 제거됨이 확인되었고 흡착표면이 매끄럽게 안정화 된 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. FT-IR 분석결과 왕겨는 1080 $cm^{-1}$에서 carbonyl group, hydroxyl group 등의 관능기가 존재함을 확인하였고 tartaric acid로 개질한 경우 1184 $cm^{-1}$와 1735 $cm^{-1}$에서 carboxylate group, carboxyl group, methylene group 등의 새로운 관능기가 생성됨을 확인하였다. 3종의 톱밥(미송, 참나무, 포플러)에 대한 FT-IR 분석결과 왕겨와 유사한 peak가 관찰되었는데 1030 $cm^{-1}$에서 carbonyl group과 hydroxyl group, 1200 $cm^{-1}$과 1700 $cm^{-1}$ 사이에서 carboxylate group, carboxyl group, methylene group 등이 이에 해당하였다. 한편 NaOH로 개질한 경우 peak에서 큰 변화를 나타내지 않았으나 흡착량이 증가한 것은 표면개질로 새로운 관능기가 생성되지는 않았으나 표면의 불순물이 제거.안정화됨으로써 흡착 표면적이 증가되었기 때문인 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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