KSBB Journal

The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (한국생물공학회)
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Biosensor System for the Detection of Agrichemicals and Its Applications

농약 검출을 위한 바이오센서 시스템 연구 및 그 응용

  • Park, Tae-Jung (BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Center for Systems & Synthetic Biotechnology, and Institute for the Biocentury, KAIST) ;
  • Yang, Min-Ho (BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Center for Systems & Synthetic Biotechnology, and Institute for the Biocentury, KAIST) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Yup (BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Center for Systems & Synthetic Biotechnology, and Institute for the Biocentury, KAIST) ;
  • Kim, Soo-Hyun (Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST)
  • 박태정 (한국과학기술원 생물공정연구센터, 시스템 및 합성생명공학연구센터, 바이오융합연구소) ;
  • 양민호 (한국과학기술원 생물공정연구센터, 시스템 및 합성생명공학연구센터, 바이오융합연구소) ;
  • 이상엽 (한국과학기술원 생물공정연구센터, 시스템 및 합성생명공학연구센터, 바이오융합연구소) ;
  • 김수현 (한국과학기술원 기계공학과)
  • Published : 2009.06.29
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Abstract

In the recent years, some organic toxic chemicals were used for obtaining high-yield productivity in agriculture. The undegraded pesticides may remain in the agricultural foods through atmosphere, water, and soil and cause public health problems to environmental resources and human beings even at very low concentrations. Small amounts of pesticides can affect a central nervous system, resulting in immunogenic diseases, infertility problems, respiratory diseases and born marrow diseases, which can lead even to death. Monitoring of the environmental pesticide is one of the important issues for the human well-being. Several kinds of biosensors have been successfully applied to the detection of agrichemical toxicity. Also, few platforms for biocide detection have been definitely developed for the degradation and reaction of pesticides. Biochip and electrochemistry experiments involve immobilizing a receptor molecule on a solid substrate surface, and monitoring its interaction with an analyze in a sample solution. Furthermore, nanotechnology can be applied to make high-throughput analyses that are smaller, faster and sensitive than conventional assays. Some nanomaterials or nanofabricated surfaces can be coupled to biomolecules and used in antibody-based assays and enzymatic methods for pesticide residues. The operation procedure has become more convenient as it does not require labeling procedure. In this paper, we review the recent advances in agrichemical defection research and also describe the label-free biosensor for pesticides using various useful detection methods.

현재까지의 농약 검출용 바이오센서는 화학 센서, immunoassay, 화학 테스트 킷과 같은 다른 잘 알려진 분석 방법들과 경쟁적으로 연구되어 지고 있다. 바이오센서가 농약을 증명하는 간단하고 저렴한 방법으로 chromatography 방법들을 대체할 잠재력을 가지고 있음에도 불구하고 정확한 정량적 분석 방법이 아직도 미비하다. 안정하고 강력한 바이오센서의 발전을 위해서 유전자 조작을 이용한 효소 개량을 통해 좀 더 민감하고 반응속도가 빠른 생촉매와 특이성이 높은 항체의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 바이오센서의 안정성 개선과 transducer 표면으로부터의 빠른 신호 전달을 위해 새로운 고정화 방법이 탐구되어져야 한다. 비록 약간의 방법들이 시료의 전처리를 필요로 하지 않을 지라도 센서의 안정성은 또 다른 개념으로 접근해야 한다. 그래서 현장 적용을 위해, 보다 간편한 시료의 전처리과정 혹은 직접적인 분석 방식이 동일시되어 개선되어야 한다. 향상된 fabrication 기술을 이용한 소형화 센서 혹은 일회용 킷의 개발은 개인용 및 산업용, 의약용 등의 여러 분야에서 실시간으로 분석이 가능하게 할 것이다. 실제 샘플의 빠르고 자동화 및 소형화된 분석 시스템의 구축을 위해 장차 매우 선택적인 다중 검출 바이오센서의 설계에 더 많은 중점을 둘 필요가 있다. 앞으로 잔류농약 검출을 위한 휴대형 바이오센서의 개발과 상용화를 위해서, 무엇보다 현재의 GC, LC (혹은 GC/MS, LC/MS) 분석을 위해 이루어지고 있는 샘플 전처리 방법의 경우, 다량의 샘플로부터 유기용매 등을 이용한 추출방법으로 진행되고 있기 때문에 샘플 전처리를 간소화하고 간단한 측정방법으로 전체의 측정결과를 대변할 수 있는 방안을 구축하고 잔류농약의 법적 허용기준과 적용이 가능한 방법을 찾아내는 노력이 절실히 요구되는 상황이다.

Keywords

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