Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
권호 표지

Effects of Ringing Time on Vegetative Growth, Fruit Quality, and Return Bloom of 'Fuji'/M.9 Apple Trees

환상박피 시기가 '후지'/M.9 사과나무의 영양생장, 과실품질 및 꽃눈형성에 미치는 영향

Sagong, Dong-Hoon;Yoon, Tae-Myung
사공동훈;윤태명

  • Published : 20100200
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In order to control tree vigor, 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees in high density orchard were ringed width 5 mm in 2004 in tree trunk in different phenological stages; terminal bud break, full bloom and fruitlet (fruit size is about 15 mm). It was observed that ringing at bud break stage reduced the total shoot growth of trees to 64% of the uncut control, while ringing at full bloom stage to 73%, indicating that the early ringing, the more effective on controlling vegetative growth. When the trees were ringed at full bloom, return bloom was the highest, 85.7%, compared to the control of 33.6%. Ringing at bud break stage was remarkably increased return bloom to 56.0%, and resulted in low vegetative growth. Ringing at fruitlet stage only got a slightly higher return bloom compared to the control trees. Appropriate shoot growth reduction resulted from ringing in tree trunk before full bloom stage did not have certain negative effect on fruit quality and improve tree flowering in the following year. With respect to increasing return bloom and yield efficiency, the optimum ringing time was full bloom.

고밀식 사과원에 있어 수세가 강한 '후지'/M.9 사과나무의 세력을 안정시키는데 효과적인 환상박피 처리방법을 알기 위하여 2004년 발아기, 만개기 및 과경 15mm의 유과기에 5mm의 폭으로 주간에 실시하였다. 박피에 따른 영양생장을 무처리인 대조구와 비교한 결과, 발아기 박피구의 총 신초장은 대조구의 64% 수준이었으나 만개기 박피구에서는 73%로 박피 시기가 빠를수록 영양생장 감소가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 익년 개화율은 만개기 처리구가 무처 Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 28(1), February 2010 35리의 33.6%에 비해 85.7%로 가장 높았고, 생장억제가 가장 컸던 발아기 처리구는 박피 처리구 중에서 가장 낮은 56.0%였다. 박피가 시기에 관계없이 사과의 품질에는 뚜렷하게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 박피 시기에 있어서는 신초 억제효과는 만개기 이전에 처리하는 것이 효과적이었으나 익년 개화율 증가에서는 만개기 이후에 처리하는 것이 효과적인 것으로 나타나, 신초 억제효과 및 익년 개화율 증가를 볼 때 적절한 환상박피 처리 시기는 만개기인 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Arakawa, O., K. Kanno, A. Kanetsuka, and Y. Shiozaki. 1997. Effects of girdling and bark inversion on tree growth and fruit quality of apple. Acta Hort. 451:579-585
  2. Arakawa, O., K. Kanno, A. Kanetsuka, and Y. Shiozaki. 1998. Effects of five methods of bark inversion and girdling on the tree growth and fruit quality of 'Megume' Apple. J. Jap. Soc. Hort. Sci. 67:721-727 https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.67.721
  3. Autio, W.R. and D.W. Greene. 1994. Effects of growth retarding treatments on apple tree growth, fruit maturation and fruit abscission. J. Hort. Sci. 69:653-654
  4. Byun, J.K., I.K. Kang, and K.H. Jang. 1997. Inhibition of early drop by girdling, GA paste and AVG in 'Sekaiichi' apple fruits. J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 38:238-241
  5. Choi, S.W. and K.R. Kim. 2000. Effect of girdling and pinching on the June drop of 'Sekaiichi' Apple. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. & Tech. 18:391-394
  6. Dann, I.R., R.A. Wildes, and D.J. Chalmers. 1984. Effects of limb girdling on growth and development of competing fruit and vegetative tissues of peach trees. Australian J. Plant. Physol. 11:49-58 https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9840049
  7. Elfving, D.C., E.C. Lougheed, and R.A. Cline. 1991. Daminozide, root pruning, trunk scoring, and trunk ringing effects on fruit ripening and storage behavior of ‘McIntosh’ apple. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 116:195-200
  8. Ferree, D.C. and J.R. Shupp. 2003. Pruning and training physiology, p. 319-344. In: D.C. Ferree and I.J. Warrington (eds.). Apples: Botany, production and uses. CABI Publishing, Cambridge, MA, USA
  9. Forshey, C.G. and D.C. Elfving. 1989. The relationship between vegetative growth and fruiting in apple trees. Hort. Rev. 11:229-287
  10. Greene, D.W. and W.J. Lord. 1978. Evaluation of scoring, limb spreadling and growth regulators for increasing flower bud initiation and fruit set on young 'Delicious' apple tree. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 103:208-210
  11. Greene, D.W. and W.J. Lord. 1983. Effects of dormant pruning, summer pruning, scoring, and growth regulators on growth, yield, and fruit quality of 'Delicious' and 'Cortland' apple trees. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 108:590-595
  12. Hoying, S.A. and T.L. Robinson. 1992. Effects of chain saw girdling and root pruning of apple trees. Acta Hort. 322: 167-172
  13. Knoll, M. and J. $\ddot{O}$sterreich, 1996. Growth in young apple orchards trained technically. Obstbau Weinbau. 33:300-301. Obstbau Weinbau. 33:300-301
  14. Miller, S.S. 1995. Root pruning and trunk scoring have limited effect on young bearing apple trees. HortScience 30:981-984
  15. Miller, S.S. and T. Tworkoski. 2003. Regulating vegetative growth in deciduous fruit trees. PGRSA Quarterly 31:8-46
  16. Myers, S.C. and A.T. Savelle. 1996. Coordination of vegetative and reproductive growth: Root restriction, branch manipulation, and pruning, p. 53-67. In; K.M. Maib, P.K. Andrew, G.A. Lang, and K. Mullinix (eds.). Tree fruit physiology: Growth and development. Good Fruit Grower, Yakima, Washington
  17. Paek, P.N., M.J. Kim, S.I. Kwon, J.C. Nam, and S.M. Kang. 2007. Effect of exposed length of M.9 rootstock on growth and productivity of 'Fuji' and 'Hongro' apples. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Tech. 25:382-388
  18. Park, M.Y., I.K. Kang, S.J. Yang, J.K. Cheung, and J.K. Byun. 2004. Effect of fertigation system on fruit quality and tree growth in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Tech. 22:195-199
  19. Pretorius, J.J.B., S.J.E. Wand, and K.I. Theron. 2004. Fruit and shoot growth following combined girdling and thinning of 'Royal Gala' apple trees. Acta Hort. 636:401-407
  20. Robinson, T.L. 2003. Apple-orchard planting systems, p. 345-407. In: D.C. Ferree and I.J. Warrington (eds.). Apples botany, production and uses. CABI Publishing, Cambridge, MA, USA
  21. Schechter, I.J., T.A. Proctor, and D.C. Elfving. 1994. Apple fruit removal and limb girdling affect fruit and leaf characteristics. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 119:157-162
  22. Tromp, J. 2005. Flower-bud formation, p. 204-215. In: J. Tromp, A.D. Webster, and S.J. Wertheim (eds.). Fundamentals of temperate zone tree fruit production. Backhuys publishers, Leiden
  23. Veinbrants, N. 1972. Effects of succinic acid-2,2 dimethlhydrazide (Alar) or scoring on growth and flowering initiation of young apple trees. Aust. J. Expt. Agr. Animal Husb. 12:89-95 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA9720089
  24. Wargo, J.M., I.A. Merwin, and C.B. Watkins. 2004. Nitrogen fertilization, midsummer trunk girdling, and AVG treatments affect maturity and quality of ‘Jonagold’ apples. HortScience 39:493-500
  25. Wertheim. S.J. 2005. Pruning, p. 176-185. In: J. Tromp, A.D. Webster, and S.J. Wertheim. (eds.). Fundamentals of temperate zone tree fruit production. Backhuys publishers, Leiden
  26. Wilton, J. 1999. Vigour control hints. The Orchardist 72:14-18
  27. Yoon, T.M., H.Y. Park, and D.H. Sagong. 2005. Effect of root pruning on tree growth and fruit quality of 'Fuji'/M.9 apple trees. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 23:275-291
  28. Yoon, T.M. and D.H. Sagong. 2005. Growth control of 'Fuji' apple trees by use of prohexadione-calcium. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 23:269-274