Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Aerodynamic forces on fixed and rotating plates

  • Martinez-Vazquez, P. (School of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham) ;
  • Baker, C.J. (School of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham) ;
  • Sterling, M. (School of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham) ;
  • Quinn, A. (School of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham) ;
  • Richards, P.J. (Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Auckland)
  • Received : 2009.09.08
  • Accepted : 2009.11.03
  • Published : 2010.03.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Pressure measurements on static and autorotating flat plates have been recently reported by Lin et al. (2006), Holmes, et al. (2006), and Richards, et al. (2008), amongst others. In general, the variation of the normal force with respect to the angle of attack appears to stall in the mid attack angle range with a large scale separation in the wake. To date however, no surface pressures have been measured on auto-rotating plates that are typical of a certain class of debris. This paper presents the results of an experiment to measure the aerodynamic forces on a flat plate held stationary at different angles to the flow and allowing the plate to auto-rotate. The forces were determined through the measurement of differential pressures on either side of the plate with internally mounted pressure transducers and data logging systems. Results are presented for surface pressure distributions and overall integrated forces and moments on the plates in coefficient form. Computed static force coefficients show the stall effect at the mid range angle of attack and some variation for different Reynolds numbers. Normal forces determined from autorotational experiments are higher than the static values at most pitch angles over a cycle. The resulting moment coefficient does not compare well with current analytical formulations which suggest the existence of a flow mechanism that cannot be completely described through static tests.

Keywords

References

  1. Baker, C.J. (2007), "The debris flight equations", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 95, 329-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2006.08.001
  2. Cohen, M.J. (1976), "Aerodynamics of slender rolling wings at incidence in separated flow", AIAA J., 14, 886-93. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.7164
  3. Daniels, P. (1970), "A study of the nonlinear rolling motion of a four-finned missile", J Spacecraft Rockets, 7, 510-512. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.29982
  4. Flachsbart, O. (1932), "Messungen an ebenen und gewolbten Platten", Ergebnisse der AVA, IV.
  5. Gnip, I.J., Veyelis, S.A., Kersilus, V.I. and Vaitkus, S.I. (2007), "Deformability and strength of expanded polystyrene (EPS) under short-term loading", Mech. Compos. Mater., 43(1), 85-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11029-007-0009-z
  6. Holmes, J.D. (2004), "Trajectories of spheres in strong winds with application to windborne debris", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 92, 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2003.09.031
  7. Holmes, J.D., Letchford, C.W. and Lin, N. (2006), "Investigation of plate-type windborne debris - Part II. Computed Trajectories", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 94, 21-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2005.10.002
  8. Iversen, J.D. (1979), "Autorotating flat-plate wings: the effect of the moment of inertia, geometry and Reynolds number", J. Fluid Mech., 92(2), 327-348. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112079000641
  9. Lin, N., Letchford, C.W. and Holmes, J.D. (2006), "Investigation of plate-type wind borne debris. Part I, Experiments in wind tunnel and full scale", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 94, 51-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2005.12.005
  10. Lugt, H.J. (1983), "Autorotation", Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 15, 123-47. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.15.010183.001011
  11. Martinez-Vazquez, P., Baker, C.J., Sterling, M. and Quinn, A.D. (2009a), "The flight of wind borne debris: an experimental analytical and numerical investigation: Part I (Analytical Model)", Proc. of the Fifth European and African Conf. on Wind Engineering (EACWE5), 437-440.
  12. Martinez-Vazquez, P., Baker, C.J., Sterling, M., Quinn, A.D. and Richards, P.J. (2009b), "The flight of wind borne debris: an experimental analytical and numerical investigation. Part II (Experimental work)", Paper accepted for The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conf. on Wind Engineering, November 8-12, Taipei, Taiwan.
  13. Neumark, S. (1963), "Rotating aerofoils and flaps", J. R. Aeronaut. Soc., 67, 47-63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0368393100090040
  14. Riabouchinsky, D.P. (1935), "Thirty years of theoretical and experimental research in fluid mechanics", J. R. Aeronaut. Soc., 39, 282-348. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0368393100112039
  15. Richards, P.J., Williams, N., Laing, B., McCarty, M. and Pond, M. (2008), "Numerical Calculation of the 3- Dimensional Motion of Wind-borne Debris", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 96, 2188-2202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2008.02.060
  16. Tachikawa, M. (1983), "Trajectories of flat plates in uniform flow with application to wind-generated missiles", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 14, 443-453. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(83)90045-4
  17. Wills, J.A.B., Lee B.E. and Wyatt, T.A. (2002), "A model of wind-borne debris damage", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 90, 555-565. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(01)00197-0

Cited by

  1. Autorotation of square plates, with application to windborne debris vol.14, pp.2, 2011, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2011.14.2.167
  2. Fragility curves for building envelope components subject to windborne debris impact vol.107-108, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.05.005
  3. The computational fluid dynamics modelling of the autorotation of square, flat plates vol.46, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2013.12.006
  4. From fluttering to autorotation bifurcation of a flat plate in a current vol.39, pp.11, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-017-0912-8
  5. An investigation of plate-type windborne debris flight using coupled CFD–RBD models. Part I: Model development and validation vol.111, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.07.008
  6. Dispersion of windborne debris vol.104-106, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.02.026
  7. Wind load characteristics of large billboard structures with two-plate and three-plate configurations vol.22, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.22.6.703
  8. An investigation of plate-type windborne debris flight using coupled CFD–RBD models. Part II: Free and constrained flight vol.111, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.07.011
  9. Evaluation of dynamics of fluttering and autorotation of a rigid plate in a flow using far-field method pp.1573-269X, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-018-4445-1