Abstract
Among students of 'K' boarding high school, located in 'B' city, 32 students whose % body fat was 30% or above were divided into three groups - two exercise groups and one control group. They performed Combined Training - a mix of weight training (WT) and step box training (SBT) - for 65 min a day, 3 days a week, for 8 weeks in total. Group A performed WT 70-80%$RM{\times}3$ sets+SBT (RPE 11-13)${\times}1$ set, and group B performed WT 70-80%$RM{\times}1$ set+SBT (RPE 11-13)${\times}3$ sets to yield data on changes of body composition (Soft Lean Mass, SLM), %fat, WHR), HbA1c, and HOMA-IR. Paired t-test was used to process data within each group. Pre- and post experiment differences rates (%diff) were used to perform one-way ANOVA (Duncan test) for group comparisons. The conclusions derived are as follows. Regarding body composition, exercise groups showed an increase in SLM, but there was no such change in the control group. WHR decreased in group A, but increased in the control group. The % body fat decreased in both exercise groups, but increased in the control group. As for the group comparisons, SLM in group A showed a greater increase than in group B and the control group. WHR in groups A and B showed a greater decrease than the control group. The % body fat in groups A and B showed a greater decrease than the control group. The exercise groups showed a significant decrease in HOMA-IR, but the control group showed a significant increase in HOMA-IR. As for the group comparisons, groups A and B showed a greater decrease in HOMA-IR than the control group. The exercise groups showed a significant decrease in HbA1c, however, the control group showed no change in HbA1c. As for the group comparisons, group A showed a greater decrease in HbA1c than the control group. These results confirm that combined training is more effective in improving body composition and metabolic factors when it includes a high proportion of resistance training, rather than aerobic exercise. The results of the study suggest that it is advisable to set a high proportion of WT when deciding the intensity of combined training.
B시 소재 기숙형특목고 K고교 학생 중에서 %fat이 30% 이상인 비만여고생 32명을 3그룹(운동군 2그룹, 통제군)으로 구분하여 1일 65분, 주 3회, 총 8주간 weight training (WT)과 step box training (SBT)을 조합한 복합운동을 A group은 WT 70-80%$RM{\times}3$ sets+SBT (RPE 11-13)${\times}1$ set로, B group은 70-80%$RM{\times}1$ sets+SBT (RPE 11-13)${\times}3$ set로 실시하여 신체조성(soft lean mass, %fat, WHR), HOMA-IR 및 HbA1c의 변화를 알아보았다. 자료처리는 집단 내는 paired t-test를, 집단 간은 측정 전 후의 변화율(%diff.)을 이용, one-way ANOVA (Duncan test)를 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 신체조성에서, 집단 내의 SLM은 운동군은 증가하였으나 통제군은 변화가 없었고, WHR은 A group은 감소하였으나 통제군은 증가하였다. %fat은 운동군 모두에서 감소하였으나 통제군은 증가하였다. 집단 간의 SLM은 A그룹이 B그룹과 통제군보다 더 크게 증가하였고, WHR은 A, B그룹이 통제군보다 더 크게 감소하였고, %fat은 A, B그룹이 통제군보다 더 크게 감소하였다. HOMA-IR은 집단 내에서는 운동군 모두 유의하게 감소하였으나 통제군은 유의하게 증가하였다. 집단 간 비교에서는 A, B그룹이 통제군보다 더 크게 감소하였다. HbA1c는 집단 내에서는 운동군 모두 유의하게 감소하였고 통제군은 변화가 없었다. 집단 간에서는 A그룹이 통제군보다 더 크게 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 복합운동을 할 때 유산소운동 형태보다는 저항운동의 비율을 높여주는 것이 신체조성과 대사관련 인자 개선에 효과적이라는 것을 확인시켜 주는 것이며 본 연구의 결과로 볼 때 복합운동의 강도는 WT의 비중을 높게 설정하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 생각된다.
(Department of Physical Education, Gyeongsang National University)