Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Effect of Nitrogen Fertigation by Soil Testing on the Growth and Yield of 'Campbell Early'(Vitis labrusca L.) Grapevine in Field Cultivation

노지 포도재배에서 토양검정시비량을 이용한 질소관비가 수체의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향

  • Kang, Seok-Beom (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lee, In-Bog (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lim, Tae-Jun (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Jin-Myeon (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA)
  • 강석범 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 이인복 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 임태준 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 박진면 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원)
  • Received : 2009.12.17
  • Accepted : 2010.02.11
  • Published : 2010.03.31
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Abstract

Optimum nitrogen fertigation level by soil testing was determined on the growth and yield of eleven-year-old 'Campbell Early' (Vitis labrusca L.) grapevine in a sandy loam soil from 2005 to 2007. Fifty percent of the annual application of the nitrogen rate (195 kg/ha/yr) was top-dressed as basal fertilizer in all treatments, and the remainders were drip-irrigated with fertigation rate at 25 (12.5% of total N, N 1/4 level of the remainder), 50 (25% of total N, N 1/2 level), and 100 mg/L (50% of total N, N 1 level) in intervals of twice (2.1 mm/times) a week for 12 weeks, and the effect of N drip fertigation was compared to control which the N remainder was applied with surface application as an additional fertilizer. The results showed that chlorophyll content reading in SPAD value and N contents of leaves increased as nitrogen fertigation level increased. Also observed was the growth of the internode and stem diameter of shoots which were longest at N 1/2 level among the treatments conducted both in 2005 and 2006. It was also noted that yield of the fruit was different every year, where average yield for three years was recorded highest in N 1/4 level, and lowest in N 1 level compared to control(surface application). Soluble solid content and titratable acidity of fruit juice were also not significant during the treatments, the maturation of fruits tended to be retarded in N 1 level. The study proved that N 1/4 (N 25 mg/L) levels of fertigation based on soil testing was most efficient in obtaining optimum yield and also, fertigation of grapevine at open field condition reduces the use of nitrogen fertilizer.

노지 캠벨얼리(Vitis labrusca L.) 포도원에서 관비재배시 토양검정시비량을 이용한 질소관비가 수체의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 알기 위하여 2005년부터 2007년까지 3년간 사양토 노지 포도원에서 시험을 수행하였다. 시험 처리를 위해 먼저 토양검정을 통한 질소시비량(195 kg/ha)을 산출 후 질소시비량의 50%(97.5 kg/ha)는 기비로 모든 처리구에 시용 후 나머지 추비 시용량에 대해 표층 시비구는 농가 관행대로 질소를 생육기간 중에 나눠서 추비 (N, 97.5 kg/ha)하였으며, 관비 처리구는 기존 과원에 시설되어있는 점적관수라인을 이용하여 추비 시용량의 25%(N 25 mg/L, 24.4kg/ha)를 공급한 N 1/4, 50%(N 50 mg/L, 48.8 kg/ha)를 공급한 N 1/2, 추비 시용량 100%(N 100 mg/L, 97.5kg/ha)를 전량 관비로 공급한 N1 처리 등 4처리를 난괴법 3반복으로 배치하여 포도 눈이 발아 후부터 수확 1개월 전까지 12주 동안 주 2회 (관비량 2.1 mm/ 회) 관비 처리를 하였다. 질소 이외의 인산과 칼리에 대해서는 관행적인 방법으로 인산은 전량 기비로 시용하였고 칼리는 기추비로 나눠 관행적으로 시험기간 중 분시 하였다. 시험기간 중 질소 관비량이많아짐에 따라 엽내 질소함량과 SPAD 지수 값은 높아졌다. 질소관비에 따른 신초의 생육은 처리 간 유의성을 나타내지는 않았지만 표층시비구 대비 N 1/2처 리구에서 신초장과 엽수의 생육이 좋았으며 신초의 경경은 관리비처리구에서 전체작으로 다소 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 과실의 수량은 해마다 처리 간 차이가 있었으나 검정시비량의 N 1/4 (25 mg/L)처리구가 '05년과 '06년에 관행구보다 유의하게 수량이 많았으며 3년간의 평균수량에서는 통계적인 유의차는 나타나지않았지만 표층시비구 대비 N 1/4 관비구가 수량에 있어서 좋은 결과를 나타냈다. 과실 품질에 있어서는 처리 간 차이를 나타내지 않으며질소 관비량이 많았던 N1 처리구에서착색이 지연되는 경향을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 살펴보았을 때 노지 캠벨열리 포도 관비재배시 먼저 토양검정시비를 통한 기비 시용 후 추비에 대해서 질소 시용량의25%를 N 25 mg/L의 농도로 질소관비 한다면 질소시비량도 줄이고 양호한 수량도 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

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