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Reduced Sensitivities of the Pear Scab Fungus (Venturia nashicola) Collected in Ulsan and Naju to Five Ergosterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting Fungicides

울산과 나주에서 채집한 배나무 검은별무늬병균의 ergosterol 생합성 저해제 5종에 대한 감수성 저하

  • Kwon, Soo-Mean (Technogreen Co., Ltd. Research Institute) ;
  • Yeo, Moo-Ill (Kyung Nong Co., Ltd. Research Institute) ;
  • Choi, Se-Hoon (National Plant Quarantine Service, Sinsundae Container Terminal) ;
  • Kim, Gun-Woong (School of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jun, Kyung-Jin (DongbuHiTek, Dongbu Finance Center) ;
  • Uhm, Jae-Youl (School of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2010.02.22
  • Published : 2010.04.01

Abstract

In Korea, EBI fungicides which are highly effective for control of pear scab and rust but of high risk for development of resistance have been frequently sprayed by majority of pear growers. To detect any possible resistance or reduced sensitivity in the field strains of scab fungus to five EBIs, difenoconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, fenarimole and hexaconazole, sensitivity tests were conducted with fungal specimens collected in Ulsan and Naju where scab usually occurs and EBIs have been intensively sprayed for many years. As the strains for which $EC_{50}$ values of the EBIs were largely shifted from those of base-line were occasionally found, the resistant or less sensitive strains were supposed to be distributed. In the activity test for the EBIs by artificial inoculation, in which EBI-treated pear leaves on the potted seedlings were inoculated with fungal spores collected in the two regions, development of resistances to EBIs were confirmed. Since the fungal spores collected at 4 and 2 orchards in Naju and Ulsan, respectively, produced much higher disease incidence on the leaves treated with hexaconazole than those on the untreated control, those fungal specimens were determined as resistant to hexaconazole. Similar results were also obtained with two specimens from Ulsan for flusilazole.

우리나라의 대부분의 배 재배 농가에서는 검은별무늬병과 붉은별무늬병의 방제를 위해 저항성 발달위험이 높은 EEI를 빈번하게 사용해 왔다. 검은별무늬병이 상습적으로 발생하고 EBI를 오랫동안 사용해 온 울산과 나주에서 검은별무늬 병균을 채취 하여 difenoconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, fenarimol 및 hexaconazole 의 5종 EEl에 대한 감수성을 검정했다. EBI를 함유하는 배지상에서 $EC_{50}$값이 base-line의 평균값 보다 크게 높아진 균주가 산발적으로 발견되었으므로 감수설 저하 또는 저항성 균주가 분포하는 것으로 추정되었다. 그런데 포트에 재배한 배나무 묘목에 5종의 EBI를 권장사용농도로 포트에 살포하고 3시간 동안 풍건시킨 후, 울산과 나주에서 채취한 포자를 직접 인공 접종한 결과, 울산의 5필지 중 3필지와 나주의 4필지 모두에서 채취한 균은 hexaconazole을 처리한 나무에서 무처리보다 더 높은 이병엽율을 보였으므로 그를 포장에서 채취한 균주집단에는 이 약제에 대해 고도의 저헝성을 갖는 것이 포함된 것으로 판단되었다. 또 울산의 두 과수원에서 채취한 균은 flusilazole에 대해서도 같은 반응을 보였으므로 역시 그 약제에 대해 저항성인 것으로 밝혀졌다.

Keywords

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