Current Status and Activation Plan of Hospice Palliative Care in Korea - Based on Hospice Palliative Care Facilities Survey

국내 호스피스.완화의료 현황 및 활성화 방안 - 호스피스.완화의료 기관 조사를 바탕으로

  • Kyung, Min-Ho (Hospice and Palliative Care Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center) ;
  • Jang, Yu-Mi (Cancer Management Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center) ;
  • Han, Kyung-Hee (Hospice and Palliative Care Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center) ;
  • Yun, Young-Ho (Cancer Management Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center)
  • 경민호 (국립암센터 국가암관리사업단 호스피스완화의료사업과) ;
  • 장유미 (국립암센터 연구소 암관리연구과) ;
  • 한경희 (국립암센터 국가암관리사업단 호스피스완화의료사업과) ;
  • 윤영호 (국립암센터 연구소 암관리연구과)
  • Received : 2009.12.22
  • Accepted : 2010.03.11
  • Published : 2010.09.01

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the current status of hospice palliative care facilities in Korea. Based on the result, we attempted to suggest activation plans of hospice palliative in Korea. Methods: To conduct a survey, we obtained a list of hospice palliative care facilities from related agencies and academic societies. A survey was conducted from February, 2009 to March, 2009. The survey was consisted of general characteristics of organizations, manpower, facilities & equipments, and so on. In addition, we used data from Statistics Korea to estimate the number of beds required and the bed occupancy rate. Results: Total number of facilities responded to the questionnaire were 53. Forty-two facilities were general hospitals and 6 facilities were clinics among the total 53 facilities, and 18.8% of facilities were located in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggido. Overall bed occupancy rate was rather low as 21.9%, and there were 4 provinces where bed occupancy rates were 0%. Deaths in hospice palliative care facilities during 2008 were 6.3% of total deaths from cancers. As for the questions about the financial status of facilities, 86% of facilities were answered financial insufficiency. Also more than half of the facilities gave financial insufficiency as the reason for shortage of human resource supplies and inability to achieve the standard for authorization by the government. Facilities answered in order to activate the hospice palliative care, governmental support is needed, mostly in financial support (71.2%), donation tax deduction (43.1%), and setting up a public utility foundation (23.5%). Conclusion: This study showed low rates of hospice palliative care use and bed occupancy in Korea. Regional variance in bed occupancy rate was significantly high. As a roadblock for these problems, most of the facilities cited financial insufficiency. Therefore, there must be some action plans to boost financial support to activate hospice palliative care in Korea. Finally, efforts to improve these circumstances including lack of understanding about hospice and palliative care, are needed as well.

목적: 본 연구는 호스피스 완화의료 기관 조사와 통계청 자료를 이용하여 호스피스 완화의료 기관 현황과 장애요인, 그에 따른 활성화 방안을 조사하고 분석하여 향후 정책수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 방법: 현황조사를 위해 국내 호스피스 완화의료 관련 단체 및 기관을 통해 호스피스 완화의료 제공 기관을 선정 하여 2009년 2월에서 3월까지 설문을 시행하였으며 설문내용은 기관의 일반현황, 대상자, 서비스 제공인력, 시설, 재정, 활성화 방안으로 구성되었다. 또한 필요병상수 및 병상충족률 산출을 위해 통계청의 지역별 인구수 자료를 이용하였다. 결과: 전체 53개 호스피스 완화의료 기관 가운데 42개 기관이 종합병원 이상으로 총 설문대상 기관 중 의원급 기관은 6개였다. 전체 53개 기관 중 18.8%의 기관이 수도권 지역에 분포하고 있었다. 전반적인 호스피스 완화의료 병상충족률은 21.9%로 낮은 것으로 나타났으며 4개 광역시도의 경우 호스피스 완화의료 전용병상이 없는 것으로 보고되었다. 2008년 호스피스 완화의료기관의 사망자는 전체 암사망자의 6.3%에 불과했다. 기관의 재정 관련한 설문에서 86%의 시설이 재정이 부족하다고 답변하였으며 그 외 인력수급 장애요인 및 시설기준 미충족의 원인으로도 재정 부족을 원인으로 꼽은 기관이 과반수를 넘는 것으로 나타났다. 호스피스 완화의료 활성화를 위한 정부의 지원으로 가장 필요한 부분으로 재정지원이었으며(71.2%), 기부문화 활성화 방안으로 기부금 전액 세금 공제(43.1%), 공익재단 설립(23.5%) 등으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구는 이처럼 기관의 현황 자료조사 및 설문조사를 통해 국내의 호스피스 완화의료 이용률 및 병상충족률이 낮은 문제점, 지역별 병상충족률 편차가 큰 문제점 등을 파악하였으며 호스피스 완화의료의 장애요인으로 재정부족, 인력수급 장애, 인식부족 등을 파악하였다. 또한 이를 위해 호스피스 완화의료 기관의 재정마련 방안이 필수적이며 인식 부족에 대한 개선 노력도 동시에 이루어질 필요가 있을 것으로 결론지었다. 이 중 재정 부족에 대한 방안으로는 정부의 재정 지원과 기부금 전액 세금공제와 공익재단 설립이 검토해 볼 만한 대안으로 제시할 수 있겠다.

Keywords

References

  1. Hong YS, editor. Hospice palliative medicine in Korea. 2005 Winter Symposium of Korean Soiety for Hospice and Palliative Care; 2005 Dec 3; Seoul, Korea. Seoul. Korean Soiety for Hospice and Palliative Care; 2005;260-2.
  2. Kim JS. Institutionalization of hospice. J Korean Med Assoc 1998;41:1141-6. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.1998.41.11.1141
  3. Yun YH, Heo DS. Problems of terminal cancer patient's admission to a university hospital. J Korean Acad Fam Med 1996;17:294-304.
  4. National Cancer Center. Study of care cost and pattern in cancer patients' end of life. Gwacheon:National Cancer Center;2005
  5. Statistics Korea. 2007 annual statistical report for cause of death. Daejeon:Statistics Korea;2008.
  6. Korea Central Cancer Registry, Ministry of Health and Welfare Republic of Korea. 2002 Annual report of the Korea central cancer registry. Seoul:Korea Central Cancer Registry, Ministry of Health and Welfare Republic of Korea;2003.
  7. Heo DS, editor. Problems facing terminal cancer patients. In: National Cancer Center, Korean Society for Hospice and Palliative Care. Is terminal cancer patients' quality of life good as it is? Hospice.Palliative Care Symposium 2001; 2001 Sep 5; Goyang, Korea. National Cancer Center; 2001;20-8.
  8. Yun YH. A course of institutionalization of hospice. J Korean Acad Fam Med 2004;25(11 Suppl):S484-8.
  9. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Suggestions for advanced Korean hospice based on analysis of hospice law, cost, and management system in developed countries. Gwacheon:Ministry of Health & Welfare;2007.
  10. National Hospice Organization, Standards and Accreditation Committee. Standard of a hospice program of care: self-assessment tool. Arlington (VA):National Hospice Organization;1994.
  11. Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affair, National Cancer Center. A notice of standard for authorized hospice.palliative care facilities [Leaflet]. Seoul: Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affair, National Cancer Center; c2008.
  12. Yun YH, Choi ES, Lee IJ, Rhee YS, Lee JS, You CH, et al. Survey on quality of hospice.palliative care programs in Korea. J Korean Hosp Palliat Care 2002;5:31-42.
  13. Lee SW, Lee EO, Ahn HS, Heo DS, Kim DS, Kim HS, et al. Development in the National Hospice Care Service in Korea. Taehan Kanho 1997;36:49-69.
  14. Chang HS, Park S, You SJ. Analysis of actual state for hospice programs in Korea. J Korean Hosp Palliat Care 2000;3:4-17.
  15. Lee KS, Joo J, Kim JH, Kim KY. Current status and challenge of hospice.palliative care in Korea. J Korean Hosp Palliat Care 2008;11:196-205.
  16. Ro YJ, Kim NC, Lee SM. The present status and the proposals of hospice in Korea. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs. 1996;8:338-49.
  17. Yun YH. Hospice.palliative care institutionalization status and development task. In: National Cancer Center. Institutionalization of hospice.palliative care. National Cancer Center Symposium 2005; 2005 Jan 18; Seoul, Korea. Goyang: National Cancer Center; 2005;6-32.
  18. National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization. NHPCO Facts and figures: hospice care in America [Internet]. 2008 ed. Alexandria (VA):National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization; 2008 [cited 2008 Dec 4]. Available from: http://www.nhpco.org/files/public/Statistics_Research/NHPCO_facts-and-figures_2008.pdf.
  19. Foley KM, Gelband H, National Cancer Policy Board, National Research Council, Commission on Life Sciences. Improving palliative care for cancer: summary and recommendations. Washington, D.C.:National Academy Prss;2001.
  20. Shin SW. The course of hospice education. 2003 Summer Symposium of Korean Soiety for Hospice and Palliative Care; 2003 Dec 3; Seoul, Korea. Seoul: Korea Society for Hospice and Palliative Care; 2003;118-20.
  21. Caring connections [Internet]. Alexandria (VA):National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization;2008 [cited 2008 Dec 4]. Available from: http://www.caringinfo.org/.
  22. Living Lessons [Internet]. Mississauga (Ont):GlaxoSmithKline Inc.;c2007 [cited 2008 Dec 4]. Available from: http://www.livinglessons.org/.