Korean Journal of Family Medicine (가정의학회지)

The Korean Academy of Family Medicine (대한가정의학회)
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Diagnosis of Dementia: Neuropsychological Test

치매의 진단: 신경심리검사

  • Shin, Joon-Hyun (Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine)
  • 신준현 (한림대학교 의과대학 강동성심병원 신경과)
  • Received : 2009.12.20
  • Accepted : 2010.03.31
  • Published : 2010.04.20
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Abstract

Dementia is the syndrome declined the human cognitive function, especially the memory. It is important that each sub-domain of cognition must be evaluated in the diagnosis of dementia. The neuropsychological test is needed for proper evaluation of the cognitive state of patients suspected dementia. Because many neuropsychological (NP) tests have been developed and validated in Korea, we have to understand the characteristics and the pros and cons of each test. Clinical Practical Guideline (CPG) for dementia has been developed by clinical research center for dementia since 2007 and NP tests that have been used and validated frequently in Korea was presented in this CPG. As elderly population increases, the more patients have been diagnosed as dementia. Therefore, the primary physician examining and diagnosing the dementia patients have to understand the NP test fundamentally.

치매는 사람의 뇌의 고위 기능 중 하나인 인지기능이 떨어지는 상태로 이를 진단하기 위해서는 뇌의 각 부분에서 담당하는 인지기능에 대한 평가가 무엇보다도 중요하다. 이러한 인지기능의 평가를 위한 도구가 신경심리검사인데, 현재 국내외에는 많은 신경심리검사들이 개발, 표준화되어 사용되고 있으므로, 검사 도구들의 특징을 자세히 알지 못하면 실제 임상에서 사용하는데 어려움이 따르게 된다. 2007년부터 보건복지가족부 지정 노인성치매 임상연구센터에서는 치매 진단을 보다 체계적으로 시행할 수 있는 임상진료지침을 만들어 왔고, 임상진료지침 안에서 좀 더 효율적이고 객관적인 치매 진단을 위해 우리나라에서 표준화되고 많이 사용되는 신경심리검사들에 대하여 설명하고 있다. 노인 인구의 빠른 증가로 인해 치매 환자의 수가 급증하고 있는 시점에서, 일차의료를 담당하는 의료인에게 이러한 신경심리검사에 대한 기본적인 이해가 필요하다.

Keywords

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