Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Response of a frame structure on a canyon site to spatially varying ground motions

  • Bi, Kaiming (School of Civil and Resource Engineering, The University of Western Australia) ;
  • Hao, Hong (School of Civil and Resource Engineering, The University of Western Australia) ;
  • Ren, Weixin (Department of Civil Engineering, Central South University)
  • Received : 2008.12.01
  • Accepted : 2010.05.28
  • Published : 2010.09.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper studies the effects of spatially varying ground motions on the responses of a bridge frame located on a canyon site. Compared to the spatial ground motions on a uniform flat site, which is the usual assumptions in the analysis of spatial ground motion variation effects on structures, the spatial ground motions at different locations on surface of a canyon site have different intensities owing to local site amplifications, besides the loss of coherency and phase difference. In the proposed approach, the spatial ground motions are modelled in two steps. Firstly, the base rock motions are assumed to have the same intensity and are modelled with a filtered Tajimi-Kanai power spectral density function and an empirical spatial ground motion coherency loss function. Then, power spectral density function of ground motion on surface of the canyon site is derived by considering the site amplification effect based on the one dimensional seismic wave propagation theory. Dynamic, quasi-static and total responses of the model structure to various cases of spatially varying ground motions are estimated. For comparison, responses to uniform ground motion, to spatial ground motions without considering local site effects, to spatial ground motions without considering coherency loss or phase shift are also calculated. Discussions on the ground motion spatial variation and local soil site amplification effects on structural responses are made. In particular, the effects of neglecting the site amplifications in the analysis as adopted in most studies of spatial ground motion effect on structural responses are highlighted.

Keywords

References

  1. Abrahamson, N.A., Schneider, J.F. and Stepp, J.C. (1991), "Empirical spatial coherency functions for application to soil-structure interaction analyses", Earthq. Spectra, 7, 1-27.
  2. Aki, K. and Richards, P.G. (1980), Quantitative Seismology Theory and Methods, W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.
  3. Ates, S., Dumanoglu, A.A. and Bayraktar, A. (2005), "Stochastic response of seismically isolated highway bridges with friction pendulum systems to spatially varying earthquake ground motions", Eng. Struct., 27(13), 1843-1858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.05.016
  4. Bolt, B.A., Loh, C.H., Penzien, J. Tsai, Y.B. and Yeah, Y.T. (1982), "Preliminary report on the SMART-1 strong motion array in Taiwan", Report No. UCB/EERC-82-13, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA.
  5. Chouw, N. and Hao, H. (2005), "Study of SSI and non-uniform ground motion effects on pounding between bridge girders", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 25(10), 717-728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.11.015
  6. Chouw, N. and Hao, H. (2008), "Significance of SSI and non-uniform near-fault ground motions in bridge response II: Effect on response with modular expansion joint", Eng. Struct., 30(1), 154-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.02.020
  7. Der Kiureghian, A. (1980), "Structural response to stationary excitation", J. Eng. Mech., 106, 1195-1213.
  8. Der Kiureghian, A. (1996), "A coherency model for spatially varying ground motions", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 25(1), 99-111. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199601)25:1<99::AID-EQE540>3.0.CO;2-C
  9. Dumanoglu, A.A. and Soyluk, K. (2002), "Response of cable-stayed bridge to spatially varying seismic excitation", Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Structure Dynamics, Munich.
  10. Dumanoglu, A.A. and Soyluk, K. (2003), "A stochastic analysis of long span structures subjected to spatially varying ground motions including the site-response effect", Eng. Struct., 25(10), 1301-1310. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(03)00080-4
  11. Hao, H. (1989), "Effects of spatial variation of ground motions on large multiply-supported structures", Report No. UCB/EERC-89-06, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA.
  12. Hao, H. (1993), "Arch responses to correlated multiple excitations", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 22(55), 389-404. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290220503
  13. Hao, H. (1994), "Ground-motion spatial variation effects on circular arch responses", J. Eng. Mech., 120(11), 2326-2341. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1994)120:11(2326)
  14. Hao, H. (1998), "A parametric study of the required seating length for bridge decks during earthquake", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 27(1), 91-103. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199801)27:1<91::AID-EQE722>3.0.CO;2-I
  15. Hao, H. and Chouw, N. (2006), "Modeling of earthquake ground motion spatial variation on uneven sites with varying soil conditions", Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, Fuzhou & Xiamen, August.
  16. Hao, H. and Duan, X.N. (1995), "Seismic response of asymmetric structures to multiple ground motions", J. Struct. Eng., 121(11), 1557-1564. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:11(1557)
  17. Hao, H. and Duan, X.N. (1996), "Multiple excitation effects on response of symmetric buildings", Eng. Struct., 18(9), 732-740. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0296(95)00217-0
  18. Hao, H., Oliveira, C.S. and Penzien, J. (1989), "Multiple station ground motion processing and simulation based on SMART-1 data", Int. J. Nucl. Eng. Des., 111(3), 293-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(89)90241-0
  19. Hao, H. and Zhang, S. (1999), "Spatial ground motion effect on relative displacement of adjacent building structures", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 28(4), 333-349. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199904)28:4<333::AID-EQE820>3.0.CO;2-R
  20. Harichandran, R.S. and Vanmarcke, E.H. (1986), "Stochastic variation of earthquake ground motion in space and time", J. Eng. Mech., 112(2), 154-174. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1986)112:2(154)
  21. Harichandran, R.S. and Wang, W. (1988), "Response of simple beam to spatiality varying earthquake excitation", J. Eng. Mech., 114, 1526-1541. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1988)114:9(1526)
  22. Harichandran, R.S. and Wang, W. (1990), "Response of indeterminate two-span beam to spatially varying seismic excitation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 19(2), 173-187. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290190203
  23. Jankowski, R., Wilde, K. and Fujino, Y. (2000), "Reduction of pounding effects in elevated bridges during earthquakes", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 29(2), 195-212. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(200002)29:2<195::AID-EQE897>3.0.CO;2-3
  24. Loh, C.H. and Yeah, Y.T. (1988), "Spatial variation and stochastic modelling of seismic differential ground movement", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 16(4), 583-596. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290160409
  25. Monti, G., Nuti, C. and Pinto, E. (1996), "Nonlinear response of bridges to spatially varying ground motion", J. Struct. Eng., 122, 1147-1159. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:10(1147)
  26. Rosset, J.M. (1977), "Soil amplification of earthquakes", Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering, New York, McGraw-Hill.
  27. Ruiz, P. and Penzien, J. (1969), "Probabilistic study of the behaviour of structures during earthquakes", Report No. UCB/EERC-69-03, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA.
  28. Safak, E. (1995), "Discrete-time analysis of seismic site amplification", J. Eng. Mech., 121(7), 801-809. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1995)121:7(801)
  29. Sextos, A.G., Kappos, A.J. and Patilakis, K.D. (2003a), "Inelastic dynamic analysis of RC bridges accounting for spatial variability of ground motion, site effects and soil-structure interaction phenomena. Part 1: Methodology and analytical tools", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 32(4), 607-627. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.241
  30. Sextos, A.G., Kappos, A.J. and Patilakis, K.D. (2003b), "Inelastic dynamic analysis of RC bridges accounting for spatial variability of ground motion, site effects and soil-structure interaction phenomena. Part 2: Parametric study", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 32(4), 629-652. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.242
  31. Tajimi, H. (1960), "A statistical method of determining the maximum response of a building structure during a earthquake", Proceedings of 2nd World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Tokyo.
  32. Wolf, J.P. (1985), Dynamic Soil-structure Interaction, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
  33. Zembaty, Z. and Rutenburg, A. (2002), "Spatial response spectra and site amplification effect", Eng. Struct., 24(11), 1485-1496. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(02)00096-2
  34. Zerva, A. (1990), "Response of multi-span beams to spatially incoherent seismic ground motion", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 19, 819-832. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290190604

Cited by

  1. 3D FEM Analysis of Pounding Response of Bridge Structures at a Canyon Site to Spatially Varying Ground Motions vol.16, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.16.4.619
  2. Soil–structure interaction analysis of cable-stayed bridges for spatially varying ground motion components vol.35, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.11.003
  3. Influence of ground motion spatial variations and local soil conditions on the seismic responses of buried segmented pipelines vol.44, pp.5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2012.44.5.663
  4. The effect of local topography on the seismic response of a coupled train-bridge system vol.69, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.69.2.177
  5. Viaduct seismic response under spatial variable ground motion considering site conditions vol.17, pp.6, 2010, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.17.6.557
  6. Seismic Performance of a Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridge under Spatially Varying Bidirectional Spectrum-Compatible Ground Motions vol.147, pp.4, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002952