Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers (한국전기전자재료학회논문지)

The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers (한국전기전자재료학회)
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Effect of Sintering Temperature and Sb/Bi Ratio on Microstructure and Grain Boundary Properties of ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3-Co3O4 Varistor

소결온도와 Sb/Bi 비가 ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3-Co3O4 바리스터의 미세구조와 입계 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Hong, Youn-Woo (Future Convergence Ceramic Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology) ;
  • Shin, Hyo-Soon (Future Convergence Ceramic Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology) ;
  • Yeo, Dong-Hun (Future Convergence Ceramic Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Ho (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • 홍연우 (한국세라믹기술원 미래융합세라믹본부) ;
  • 신효순 (한국세라믹기술원 미래융합세라믹본부) ;
  • 여동훈 (한국세라믹기술원 미래융합세라믹본부) ;
  • 김진호 (경북대학교 신소재공학부)
  • Received : 2011.10.20
  • Accepted : 2011.11.23
  • Published : 2011.12.01
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Abstract

In this study we aims to evaluate the effects of 1/3 mol% $Co_3O_4$ addition on the reaction, microstructure development, resultant electrical properties, and especially the bulk trap and grain boundary properties of $ZnO-Bi_2O_3-Sb_2O_3$ (Sb/Bi=2.0, 1.0, and 0.5) system (ZBS). The samples were prepared by conventional ceramic process, and characterized by XRD, density, SEM, I-V, impedance and modulus spectroscopy (IS & MS) measurement. In addition of $Co_3O_4$ in $ZnO-Bi_2O_3-Sb_2O_3$ (ZBSCo), the phase development, density, and microstructure were controlled by Sb/Bi ratio. Pyrochlore on cooling was reproduced in all systems. The more homogeneous microstructure was obtained in ZBSCo (Sb/Bi=1.0) system. In ZBSCo, the varistor characteristics were improved drastically (non-linear coefficient ${\alpha}$=23~50) compared to ZBS. Doping of $Co_3O_4$ to ZBS seemed to form $V^{\cdot}_o$(0.33 eV) as dominant defect. From IS & MS, especially the grain boundary of Sb/Bi=0.5 system is composed of electrically single barrier (0.93 eV) and somewhat sensitive to ambient oxygen with temperature.

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