Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Natural Occurrence of Fusarium Head Blight and Its Mycotoxins in 2010-harvested Barley and Wheat Grains in Korea

2010년산 맥류의 붉은곰팡이병 발생 및 Fusarium 곰팡이독소 자연발생

  • Ryu, Jae-Gee (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Soo-Hyung (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Son, Seung-Wan (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Ho (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Nam, Young-Ju (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Mi-Ja (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Theresa (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yun, Jong-Chul (Microbial Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 류재기 (국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 이수형 (국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 손승완 (국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 이승호 (국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 남영주 (국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 김미자 (국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 이데레사 (국립농업과학원 유해생물과) ;
  • 윤종철 (국립농업과학원 유해생물과)
  • Received : 2011.11.14
  • Accepted : 2011.11.29
  • Published : 2011.12.31
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Abstract

Fusarium species are worldwide causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals such as barley and wheat. Their toxigenic potential is a health risk for both humans and animals. To survey the natural occurrence of FHB and mycotoxins produced by Fusarium, total 126 barley or wheat grains grown in 2009-2010 season in Korea were collected. The incidence of FHB was 30.7% in silage barley, 26.9% in wheat, 20.7% in naked barley, 19.4% in malting barley, 16.4% in unhulled barley. Overall FHB incidence of barley and wheat in 2010 was 23.0% and 10% higher than that of 2009. The incidences and level of deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), and zearalenone (ZEA) were 34%, 0.89 mg/kg, 84.9%, 1.86 mg/kg, and 10.3%, 0.06 mg/kg respectively. The both levels and incidences of NIV were found to be highest in barley, whereas the level of DON was found to be highest in wheat. Incidences of DON and NIV and the level of NIV in the samples from southern regions of Korea were higher than those from central region, whereas the level of DON from central region was higher than that from southern regions. This is the first paper demonstrating regional difference in natural occurrence of DON and NIV in wheat and barley.

2010년산 쌀보리 43시료, 겉보리 17시료, 맥주보리 11시료, 청보리 14시료, 밀 41시료 등 총 126개 시료를 농가로부터 채집하였다. 이들 시료를 대상으로 Fusarium균 오염정도와 이들 균이 생산하는 주요 독소인 DON, NIV, ZEA의 자연발생을 조사하였다. 2010년산 맥류의 전국 평균 오염율은 23.0%로 2009년 전국 평균 오염율(Yeh 등, 2010)에 비해 10% 이상 높았다. 지역별 오염율은 전남지방의 맥류가 35.8%로 가장 높았고 전북 20.8%, 경기 20.5% 순이었다. 각 독소별 오염빈도와 오염수준을 조사한 결과, DON은 43시료(34%), 0.89 mg/kg 이었고, NIV는 107시료 (84.9%), 1.86 mg/kg, ZEA은 13시료(10.3%), 0.06 mg/kg이 었다. NIV의 오염빈도가 DON과 ZEA에 비해 높았다. 한편 40시료(31.7%)가 DON과 NIV가 중복오염되어 있었다. 맥류 종류별 곰팡이독소의 오염수준을 보면, 밀에서는 DON의 오염수준이 NIV보다 높았으며, 보리에서는 NIV 오염수준이 DON보다 높았다. 보리 종류별 NIV의 오염수준은 청보리, 맥주보리, 쌀보리, 겉보리 순으로 높았다. 독소오염에 대해 지역별로 분석하여보면 경기, 충남북의 중부지방은 DON의 오염수준이 NIV보다 높았으며, 전남북과 경남북의 남부지방은 NIV의 오염수준이 높았다. DON과 NIV 독소의 오염빈도 또한 중부지방에 비해 남부지방이 많았다. 지역별 맥류 곰팡이독소 자연발생 양상의 차이를 처음으로 보고한다.

Keywords

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