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The Chilling Injury Development and Quality Characteristics of 'Ooishiwase' Plums (Prunus salicina L.) according to Ripening Stages and Cold Storage Temperature

자두 '대석조생'의 숙기 및 저온저장 온도에 따른 저온장해과 발생 및 품질특성

  • Cho, Mi-Ae (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Hong, Yoon-Pyo (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Sun-Young (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Jung, Dae-Sung (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Lim, Byung-Sun (National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Soo-Jeong (Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Koo (Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University)
  • 조미애 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 홍윤표 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 최선영 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 정대성 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 임병선 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 박수정 (경상대학교 농업생명과학과) ;
  • 이승구 (서울대학교 식물생산과학부)
  • Received : 2011.05.02
  • Accepted : 2011.10.07
  • Published : 2011.10.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the quality characteristics of and chilling injury development in 'Ooishiwase' plum fruits after harvest, according to the ripening stage and storage temperature. The fruits were harvested at three ripening stages (60, 80, and >90% skin color) and were then stored at 1, 4, 5, 6, and $20^{\circ}C$ cold-storage rooms for up to 48 days. The fruit quality parameters, respiration patterns, and chilling injury development were monitored during the storage periods and the three days of subsequent ripening at $20^{\circ}C$. The fruits harvested at the 60%-skin-color stage maintained the flesh firmness, color, weight loss, and TA, and their respiration rates and ethylene production were decreased compared with the 80%-or >90%-skin-color fruits, at a lower storage temperature. The major symptoms of chilling injuries in the Ooishiwase plums were gel breakdown, flesh browning, and flesh translucency. These symptoms appeared at all the low-storage-temperature and ripening treatment stages. When the fruits, however, were harvested at a more immature stage and were stored at a lower storage temperature, the chilling injury development decreased. These results show that the development of chilling injury in Ooishiwase plums is related to the climacteric behavior during cold storage.

자두 '대석조생'의 생육단계별 수확시기 및 저온저장 온도에 따른 저온장해과 발생 양상과 품질 특성을 구명하고자 하고자, 자두 '대석조생'을 60%, 80% 그리고 90% 이상의 착색율로 구분하여 수확한 후, 1, 4, 5, $6^{\circ}C$ 그리고 $20^{\circ}C$에 최대 48일간 그리고 $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 숙성시키면서 호흡 변화, 품질 특성 및 저온 장해과 발생 양상을 조사하였다. 60% 착색기에 수확한 자두를 보다 낮은 저온에 저장하였을때 경도, 색도, 중량감소율과 적정산도의 유지에 효과적이었으며, 이 조건에서 에틸렌 발생량과 호흡량도 보다 낮게 유지되었다. '대석조생' 자두의 저온장해 증상은 주로 내부 갈변을 동반한 gel breakdown과 과육투명화 현상이었는데, 이러한 저온장해과는 모든 숙기별 처리구 그리고 $6^{\circ}C$ 이하의 모든 저장 온도에서 발생하였다. 그러나 성숙이 진행되지 않은 과일일수록, 그리고 저장 온도가 낮을수록 저온장해과 발생율을 낮게 나타났다. 이 결과는 '대석조생' 자두의 저온장해과 발생이 저장기간 동안의 호흡 양상과 관련되어 있음을 의미한다.

Keywords

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