Journal of the Geological Society of Korea (지질학회지)

The Geological Society of Korea (대한지질학회)
권호 표지

Evaluation of groundwater level changes in Korea due to the earthquake in Japan (magnitude 9.0 in 2011)

일본 지진에 의한 국내 지하수 수위 영향 평가

  • Jeon, Woo-Hyun (Department of Geology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kwon, Koo-Sang (Department of Geology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Yong (Department of Geology, Kangwon National University)
  • Published : 2011.12.30
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Abstract

The large earthquake and a tidal wave driven by the earthquake occurred near the east coast of Honshu, Japan (magnitude 9.0) on Friday, March 11, 2011 at 14:46:23 (local time). The Korean Peninsular is located at 1,100~1,500 km distance from the epicenter. And, it might have an effect on aquifers in Korea. This study was performed to evaluate the earthquake influence on groundwater level in Korea. For this study, 24 monitoring wells out of Korean national groundwater monitoring wells (n=307) were selected, where the earthquake influence on groundwater levels was obviously observed. For characterizing the groundwater level change by the earthquake, time series analysis was performed for the data with 1 hour interval from on March 11 to 17, 2011. Groundwater levels increased or decreased by influence of the earthquake rapidly recovered in most monitoring wells. However, in some monitoring wells, influence on groundwater levels by the earthquake were removed gradually. Groundwater level increased in region where hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity were low and that decreased in region where those were high. It means that response of groundwater levels for earthquake was determined by hydrogeological properties such as hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity.

2011년 3월 11일 14:46:23.00(한국시간)에 일본 혼슈 동쪽 근해에서 리히터 규모 9.0의 지진과 함께 지진해일이 발생하였다. 우리나라는 일본지진 진앙으로부터 1,100~1,500 km 지점에 위치한다. 본 연구는 일본에서 발생한 강진이 우리나라 대수층의 지하수위에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 지하수위 자료는 국가 지하수 관측망 307개의 관측정으로부터 지진 영향이 뚜렷하게 나타난 24곳을 자료로 이용하였다. 2011년 3월 11일부터 3월 17일까지 매 시간 측정된 지하수위 자료를 이용하여 시계열 분석을 수행하였다. 지진의 영향으로 지하수위는 순간적인 상승 및 하강 이후 수위회복을 보였다. 이와 달리 지하수위가 변동된 이후 지속적으로 상승 및 하강하는 경우도 발생하였다. 지진 발생 이후 지하수위의 변동폭은 시간이 경과함에 따라 각 관측 지점의 수리지질학적인 영향에 의해 점차 증가하는 비례관계를 갖는다. 또한, 수리전도도와 투수량계수가 낮으면 지하수위는 상승하고 높으면 하강하는 특징을 보였다. 이는 지진에 의한 지하수위의 반응이 수리전도도 및 투수량계수와 같은 대수층의 수리지질학적인 특성으로 인해 결정되는 것을 의미한다.

Keywords

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