Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society (한국지반공학회논문집)

Korean Geotechnical Society (한국지반공학회)
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The Rheological Characteristics of Wyoming Bentonite: Role of Salinity

와이오밍 벤토나이트의 유변학적 특성: 염분농도의 역할

  • Received : 2011.07.19
  • Accepted : 2011.10.06
  • Published : 2011.10.31
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Abstract

The rheological properties of Wyoming bentonites are strongly influenced by the size of particles, cation exchangeable capacity, arrangement and morphology of clay mineral. This paper presents the results of rheological investigations on the Wyoming bentonites aqueous dispersions: two types of particle flocculation were considered. For the Wyoming bentonite, 0g/L and 30g/L NaCl equivalent salinity were added in fresh and salt water to examine the rheological behavior. This paper examined the general rheological characteristics, compatibility of rheological models and correlation between soil structure and change in rheological properties of Wyoming bentonite caused by increasing salinity. From flow curves of bentonites hydrated with fresh water and salt water, the observed general flow behavior is very close to shear thinning with yield stress (or ideal Bingham fluid with yield stress and plastic viscosity). However, the change of shear stress at the same shear rate is clear, particularly for lower shear rate. Well-known rheological models are used to fit the data. There is a good agreement between rheological model and data: Carreau, Herschel-Bulkley and power-law for S=0g/L and bilinear, Herschel-Bulkley and power-law for S=30g/L. It may be due to the fact that the internal structural bonding (strong modification of particle-particle interactions from edge-to-edge and/or edge-to-face to face-to-face) in soil matrix is affected from the evolution of rheological properties with different salinities.

팽윤성 점토의 전단강도 및 유변학적 특성은 점토입자의 크기, 양이온 교환능력, 점토광물학적 조성과 형상 등에 영향을 받는다. 본 연구는 고운 분말가루의 와이오밍(Wyoming) 벤토나이트에 대해 염화나트륨 0g/L 와 30g/L 농도로 24시간 수화시킨 후 염분농도에 따른 물성-강도특성 및 유변학적 특성변화를 살펴봄으로써, 유변학적 특성, 유변화적 모델들의 적용성 및 흙 입자의 구조변화에 따른 항복응력-점도와의 상관관계를 설명하고자 한다. 실험결과에 따르면, 팽윤성 점토는 전단담화(shear thinning)와 항복응력과 소성점도로 표현가능한 Bingham 유체 거동을 보이는 것으로 조사되었다. 염분농도가 낮고 함수비가 높아질수록 벤토나이트는 완전소성거동에 가깝게 나타나며, 전단변형률속도에 따른 변화의 폭이 미미한 것으로 조사되었다. 반면, 염분농도가 높아질수록 전형적인 전단담화거동을 보이며, 전단변형률속도를 증가시킬수록 염분농도에 따른 벤토나이트의 전단강도의 차이는 커진다. S=0g/L에 대해 Carreau, Herschel-Bulkley 및 멱수법칙 모델이, S=30g/L에 대해서는 이중선형, Herschel-Bulkley 및 멱수법칙 모델 등이 흐름특성을 가장 잘 표현한다. 이것은 염분농도에 따른 흙 입자간 구조적 배열과 형상이 입자간 발생하는 인력인 능-능(EE), 능-면(EF), 및 면-면(FF) 구조를 변화시키고 역학적 특성에 영향을 미치기 때문이다.

Keywords

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