Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Temporal and Spatial Variations of Primary Productivity in Estuary of Youngsan River and Mokpo Coastal Areas

영산강 하구역 및 목포 연안 해역 식물플랑크톤 1차생산력의 시.공간적 변화

  • Lee, Yeon-Jung (Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University) ;
  • Min, Jun-Oh (Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University) ;
  • Shin, Yong-Sik (Division of Ocean System Engineering, Mokpo National Maritime University) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Hwan (Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Shin, Kyung-Hoon (Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University)
  • 이연정 (한양대학교 해양환경과학과) ;
  • 민준오 (한양대학교 해양환경과학과) ;
  • 신용식 (목포해양대학교 해양시스템공학부) ;
  • 김성환 (경북대학교 화학과) ;
  • 신경훈 (한양대학교 해양환경과학과)
  • Received : 2011.11.07
  • Accepted : 2011.12.20
  • Published : 2011.12.31
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Abstract

Temporal and spatial variations of primary productivity were investigated in the estuary of Youngsan River and Mokpo coastal areas in 2009. After heavy rain, concentrations of ammonium, phosphate, and silicate increased at six stations in August. The torrential rainfall may cause an increase in nutrient concentrations during summer. There is no limitation of nutrients (except for February at the mid-Youngsan estuarine region YS2) but a potential phosphate limitation was apparent at all stations. Silicate depletion was observed at YS2 in February due to a massive diatom bloom. The trophic status of the Youngsan estuary and Mokpo coastal areas were inferred from an assessment of the primary productivity. In February and May, YS1 (upper Youngsan estuary site) and YS2, YS3 (near the Youngsan river estuary barrage), MP1 (upper Mokpo coastal region site) were appropriately assigned to the mesotrophic category. MP2 (mid-Mokpo coastal region site) and MP3 (outer site of Mokpo coastal region) were assigned to the oligotrophic category. All stations were classified to the oligotrophic status in November. In August, after heavy rain, Youngsan estuary stations maintained mesotrophic status. On the other hand, MP1 and MP2 were classified in the eutrophic category and MP3 to mesotrophic status. In particular, primary productivities of MP1 and MP2 were 9 and 7 times higher respectively than the standard of eutrophic status ($1,000-mgC\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$). These results suggest that a massive freshwater discharge from the Youngsan River estuary should be considered a main factor in the occurrence of phytoplankton bloom in Mokpo coastal areas during summer. Seasonal variations of primary productivity are closely related with depth-integrated Chl. a.

본 연구는 연 4회에 걸쳐서 영산강 하구역 및 목포 연안 정점에서 1차생산력의 시 공간적인 변화를 비교하였다. 집중 호우 이후인 8월 조사 시 모든 정점에서 암모니아성 질소 및 인산염 인, 규산염의 농도가 증가하였으며, 이는 강우에 의한 영향으로 사료된다. 연구기간 동안 2월 YS2 정점을 제외하고 영양염류 고갈 현상은 관찰되지 않았으며, 인산염 인이 식물플랑크톤 성장을 잠재적으로 제한하는 가장 주요한 요소로 나타났다. 2월 YS2에서는 규조류의 대량 번식에 의한 규산염 고갈이 관찰되었다. 1차 생산력을 기준으로 영양 상태를 구분한 결과 2월과 5월 YS1, YS2, YS3 및 MP1은 중영양 상태, MP2와 MP3은 빈영양 상태로 분류되었으며, 11월은 모든 정점이 빈영양 상태로 나타났다. 강우의 영향이 가장 컸던 8월에 영산강 하구역은 모두 중영양 상태를 유지한 반면, MP1과 MP2는 부영양, MP3은 중영양 상태를 나타내었다. 특히 MP1과 MP2의 1차생산력은 부영양 상태로 구분하는 기준을 크게 상회하는 매우 높은 값(각각 8,927, 7,083mgC $m^{-2}d^{-1}$)을 보였으며, 이를 통해 여름철 영산호 부영양 물의 대량 방류가 목포 연안 해역에 식물플랑크톤 대발생을 야기하는 주된 요인으로 작용함을 알 수 있었다. 유광층 내 엽록소 a의 총량과 식물플랑크톤 1차생산력 간의 상관계수 및 결정계수는 8월을 제외하고 모두 0.9 이상의 높은 값을 보였으며, 이러한 결과는 유광층 내 엽록소 a 총량을 통한 1차생산력 추정 가능성을 제시한다.

Keywords

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