Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (대한결핵및호흡기학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea: The Result of Forth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

  • Hwang, Yong-Il (Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoo, Kwang-Ha (Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine) ;
  • Sheen, Seung-Soo (Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Joo-Hun (Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Ha (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine) ;
  • Yoon, Ho-Il (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lim, Sung-Chul (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Lee, Shin-Yup (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Jae-Yong (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Seoung-Ju (Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School) ;
  • Seo, Ki-Hyun (Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Uk (Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Yeub (Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, In-Won (Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Do (Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Se-Kyu (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Young-Kyoon (Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Min (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Han, Sung-Koo (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Yu-Na (Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Division of Health and Nutrition Survey) ;
  • Cho, Yu-Mi (Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Division of Health and Nutrition Survey) ;
  • Park, Hye-Jin (Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Division of Health and Nutrition Survey) ;
  • Oh, Kyung-Won (Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Division of Health and Nutrition Survey) ;
  • Kim, Young-Sam (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Oh, Yeon-Mok (Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2011.08.17
  • Accepted : 2011.09.22
  • Published : 2011.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality throughout the world and is the only major disease that is continuing to increase in both prevalence and mortality. The second Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey revealed that the prevalence of COPD in Korean subjects aged ${\geq}45$ years was 17.2% in 2001. Further surveys on the prevalence of COPD were not available until 2007. Here, we report the prevalence of spirometrically detected COPD in Korea, using data from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES IV) which was conducted in 2007~2009. Methods: Based on the Korean Statistical Office census that used nationwide stratified random sampling, 10,523 subjects aged ${\geq}40$ years underwent spirometry. Place of residence, levels of education, income, and smoking status, as well as other results from a COPD survey questionnaire were also assessed. Results: The prevalence of COPD (defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/forced vital capacity <0.7 in subjects aged ${\geq}40$ years) was 12.9% (men, 18.7%; women, 7.5%). In total, 96.5% of patients with COPD had mild-to-moderate disease; only 2.5% had been diagnosed by physicians, and only 1.7% had been treated. The independent risk factors for COPD were smoking, advanced age, and male gender. Conclusion: The prevalence of COPD was 12.9% in the KNHANES IV data. Most patients with COPD were undiagnosed and untreated. Based on these results, a strategy for early COPD intervention is warranted in high risk subjects.

Keywords

References

  1. Renwick DS, Connolly MJ. Prevalence and treatment of chronic airways obstruction in adults over the age of 45. Thorax 1996;51:164-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.51.2.164
  2. Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Alternative projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990-2020: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 1997;349:1498-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(96)07492-2
  3. World Health Organization (WHO). The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2008.
  4. Celli BR, MacNee W; ATS/ERS Task Force. Standards for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with COPD: a summary of the ATS/ERS position paper. Eur Respir J 2004;23:932-46. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.04.00014304
  5. World Health Organization (WHO). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fact sheet No. 315. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2011.
  6. Korean Statistical Information Service (KSIS). The cause of death statistics (Internet). Daejeon: KSIS; c2010. (cited 2010 Jun 1). Available from: http://kosis.kr/ abroad/abroad_01List.jsp?parentId=D.
  7. Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA). Information for chronic diseases 2009. Seoul: HIRA; c2010 (cited 2011 Jun 1). Available from: http://www. hira.or.kr.
  8. Halbert RJ, Natoli JL, Gano A, Badamgarav E, Buist AS, Mannino DM. Global burden of COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 2006;28:523-32. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.06.00124605
  9. Kim DS, Kim YS, Jung KS, Chang JH, Lim CM, Lee JH, et al. Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Korea: a population-based spirometry survey. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;172:842-7. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200502-259OC
  10. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Korean national health and nutrition examination survey. Cheongwon: KCDC; c2011 (cited 2011 Jul 1). Available from: http://knhanes.cdc.go.kr/intro/intro01. jsp.
  11. Miller MR, Hankinson J, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, et al. Standardisation of spirometry. Eur Respir J 2005;26:319-38. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.05.00034805
  12. Choi JK, Paek DM, Lee JO. Normal predictive values of spirometry in Korean population. Tuberc Respir Dis 2005;58:230-42.
  13. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global strategy for diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (place unknown): GOLD; 2009.
  14. Yoo KH, Kim YS, Sheen SS, Park JH, Hwang YI, Kim SH, et al. Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Korea: the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008. Respirology 2011;16:659-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01951.x
  15. Soriano JB, Zielinski J, Price D. Screening for and early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet 2009;374:721-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61290-3
  16. Hwang YI, Kwon OJ, Kim YW, Kim YS, Park YB, Lee MG, et al. Awareness and impact of COPD in Korea: an epidemiologic insight survey. Tuberc Respir Dis 2011(accepted).
  17. Jenkins CR, Jones PW, Calverley PM, Celli B, Anderson JA, Ferguson GT, et al. Efficacy of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate by GOLD stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: analysis from the randomised, placebo- controlled TORCH study. Respir Res 2009;10:59. https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-10-59
  18. Decramer M, Celli B, Kesten S, Lystig T, Mehra S, Tashkin DP, et al. Effect of tiotropium on outcomes in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (UPLIFT): a prespecified subgroup analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009;374: 1171-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61298-8
  19. Celli BR, Thomas NE, Anderson JA, Ferguson GT, Jenkins CR, Jones PW, et al. Effect of pharmacotherapy on rate of decline of lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from the TORCH study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008;178:332-8. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200712-1869OC
  20. Lin K, Watkins B, Johnson T, Rodriguez JA, Barton MB; U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using spirometry: summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2008;148:535-43. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-7-200804010-00213
  21. Lee SW, Yoo JH, Park MJ, Kim EK, Yoon HI, Kim DK, et al. Early diagnosis and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Tuberc Respir Dis 2011; 70:293-300. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2011.70.4.293
  22. Hwang YI, Kim CH, Kang HR, Shin T, Park SM, Jang SH, et al. Comparison of the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosed by lower limit of normal and fixed ratio criteria. J Korean Med Sci 2009;24:621-6. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2009.24.4.621

Cited by

  1. Health Behaviors of Cancer Survivors: The Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV, 2007–09) vol.43, pp.10, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyt118
  2. Reference Values for the Pulmonary Function of Korean Adults Using the Data of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV (2007-2009) vol.28, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2013.28.3.424
  3. A Validation Study for the Korean Version of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT) vol.74, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2013.74.6.256
  4. COPD Guideline Revised 2012: Contracted Version vol.84, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2013.84.3.464
  5. Inhalation medications in chronic airway disease vol.56, pp.7, 2011, https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2013.56.7.625
  6. Recent advance in inhaler medications for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients vol.57, pp.2, 2011, https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2014.57.2.155
  7. Effects of Smoking Status on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prevalence in Males 40 years and Older: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey vol.14, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2014.14.4.155
  8. Awareness of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in current smokers: a nationwide survey vol.30, pp.2, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2015.30.2.191
  9. Prevalence and risk factors for reduced pulmonary function in diabetic patients: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey vol.32, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2016.045
  10. Recent Trends in the Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea vol.80, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2017.80.3.226
  11. Inhaled corticosteroids in COPD and the risk of lung cancer vol.143, pp.9, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31632
  12. The Association with COPD Readmission Rate and Access to Medical Institutions in Elderly Patients vol.16, pp.None, 2021, https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s302631
  13. Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 20th anniversary: accomplishments and future directions vol.43, pp.None, 2011, https://doi.org/10.4178/epih.e2021025