Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Kinetic Responses of Soil Carbon Dioxide Emission to Increasing Urea Application Rate

  • Lee, Sun-Il (Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Admistration) ;
  • Lim, Sang-Sun (Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Kwang-Seung (Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kwak, Jin-Hyeob (Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Jung, Jae-Woon (Yeongsan River Environment Research Laboratory) ;
  • Ro, Hee-Myoung (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Choi, Woo-Jung (Department of Rural & Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2011.04.26
  • Accepted : 2011.05.30
  • Published : 2011.06.30
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Application of urea may increase $CO_2$ emission from soils due both to $CO_2$ generation from urea hydrolysis and fertilizer-induced decomposition of soil organic carbon (SOC). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of increasing urea application on $CO_2$ emission from soil and mineralization kinetics of indigenous SOC. METHODS AND RESULTS: Emission of $CO_2$ from a soil amended with four different rates (0, 175, 350, and 700 mg N/kg soil) of urea was investigated in a laboratory incubation experiment for 110 days. Cumulative $CO_2$ emission ($C_{cum}$) was linearly increased with urea application rate due primarily to the contribution of urea-C through hydrolysis to total $CO_2$ emission. First-order kinetics parameters ($C_0$, mineralizable SOC pool size; k, mineralization rate) became greater with increasing urea application rate; $C_0$ increased from 665.1 to 780.3 mg C/kg and k from 0.024 to 0.069 $day^{-1}$, determinately showing fertilizer-induced SOC mineralization. The relationship of $C_0$ (non-linear) and k (linear) with urea-N application rate revealed different responses of $C_0$ and k to increasing rate of fertilizer N. CONCLUSION(s): The relationship of mineralizable SOC pool size and mineralization rate with urea-N application rate suggested that increasing N fertilization may accelerate decomposition of readily decomposable SOC; however, it may not always stimulate decomposition of non-readily decomposable SOC that is protected from microbial decomposition.

Keywords

References

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