DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Physicochemical Properties of Soybean Leaf by Cultivar and Development of Soybean Curd Prepared with Soybean Leaf Powder

콩잎 품종에 따른 이화학적 특성 비교 및 콩잎 분말을 첨가한 두부 개발

  • Kim, Min-Kyoung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Seul (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University) ;
  • Hwang, In-Kyeong (Department of Food and Nutrition, Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University)
  • 김민경 (서울대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이슬 (서울대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 황인경 (서울대학교 식품영양학과 생활과학연구소)
  • Published : 2011.10.31

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of soybean leaves in different cultivars and to develop a soybean curd prepared with soybean leave powder as a functional food. Four cultivars (Daewonkong leaf, Daepungkong leaf, Hwangguemkong leaf, and Seoritae leaf) were selected for this experiment. A significant difference was observed in the proximate composition of soybeans leaves (p<0.05). Soybean leaves had the highest content of carbohydrates. The mineral composition and isoflavone content in soybean leaves were significantly different among the cultivars (p<0.05). In particular, Daepongkong leaf had the highest content of genistein, daidzein, and total isoflavones. This study was also conducted to determine the quality characteristics of a soybean curd developed from daepongkong leaf with various concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3%) of soybean leaf powder (SLP). The soybean curd yield rate increased according to the level of SLP added, whereas the L and a color values decreased. In the sensory evaluation, intensity scores for color, after taste, leafy taste, and chewiness were highest for the 0.3% soybean curd. The soybean curd with 0.2% SLP soybean milk attained the highest overall acceptability score. These results showed that soybean leaf was preferred over soybean curd containing 0.2% soybean leaf powder.

본 연구에서는 품종에 따른 콩잎의 이화학적 특성을 살펴보고자, 4종류 콩잎(대원, 대풍, 황금, 서리태)을 이용하여 평가하였으며, 콩잎 분말의 활용방안을 모색하기 위해 콩잎 분말을 첨가한 두부를 개발하여 그 이용 가능성을 알아보았다. 콩잎의 이화학적 특성을 살펴본 결과, 품종별로 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 콩잎은 대부분 탄수화물로 이루어져있으며, K, Ca, Mg, Na, P, Fe 등의 무기질이 함유되어 있는데 상대적으로 칼륨 함량이 높음을 확인할 수 있었다. Isoflavone 함량은 모든 품종에서 daidzein 함량이 genistein 함량 보다 함량이 높게 나타났고 특히, 대풍콩잎에서 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 대풍콩잎 분말의 첨가량(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3%)을 달리하여 두부를 제조하여 품질 특성을 살펴본 결과, 수율은 두부 간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 명도(L)와 적색도(a)는 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나 황색도(b)는 콩잎 첨가 수준이 증가할수록 점점 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 조직감 특성은 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 경도(hardness)는 대조군에 비해 콩잎을 첨가한 두부에서 높은 경향을 보였으며 이는 관능평가 결과에서도 비슷한 추이를 나타냈다. 두부의 외관, 맛, 향, 조직감에 대하여 특성 강도를 평가한 결과, 콩잎의 첨가수준이 증가할수록 대조군에 비해 고소한 맛은 덜한 반면, 두부의 색, 향, 조직감은 강하게 평가되었다. 기호도 평가에서는 콩잎을 첨가한 두부가 대조군에 비해 높게 평가되었고, 0.2% 첨가 두부에서 전반적인 기호도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면 콩잎 분말 첨가는 전체적인 관능평가에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 특히 콩잎 분말 0.2%가 두부의 기호도를 높일 수 있을 것이라고 사료된다. 본 연구를 통하여 콩잎의 이화학적 특성은 품종에 따라 유의적인 차이가 있음을 확인하였으며 식품 소재로서의 콩잎 분말의 이용가능성 또한 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 콩잎 분말의 식품학적 가치를 향상시키고 기능성 소재로서의 이용 가능성을 증진시킬 수 있는 기초자료가 될 것으로 기대되며, 나아가 기능성 식품 개발에 크게 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. 농촌진흥청 농촌자원개발연구소. 2006. 식품성분표. p 154
  2. AOAC. 1990. AOAC, Official methods of analysis (15th ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington DC
  3. Cho YS, Bae YI, Shim KH. 1999. Chemical components in different parts of korean sword bean (Canavalia gladiata). Korean J Postharvest Sci. Technol. 6(4):475-480
  4. Chung DO. 2010. Characteristics of tofu (soybean curd) quality mixed with Enteromorpha intenstinalis powder. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 39(5):745-749 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.5.745
  5. Ho HM, Chen R, Huang Y, Chen ZY. 2002. Vascular effects of a soy leaves (Glycine max) extracts and kaempferol glycosides in isolated rat carotid arteries. Planta Med 68:487-491 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-32545
  6. Jeon MK, Kim MR. 2006. Quality characteristics of tofu prepared with herbs. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 22(1):30-36
  7. Jeon ER, Park BH. 2008. Quality characteristics of soybean curd prepared with the addition of yellow paprika juice. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 24(4):439-444
  8. Jung BM, Shin TS, Kim DW, Chong KW. 2008. Physi-cochemical quality characteristics of tofu prepared with Mesangi (Capsosiphon fulvescens) powder. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 24: 691-698
  9. Kim CJ. 1998. 두부의 가공과 이용. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life 8(4):508-535
  10. Kim MK. 2011. Physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of soybean and soybean leaves and development of soybean curd (tofu) prepared with soybean leaf powder. Master's thesis. The Seoul National University
  11. Kim SS, Park MK, Oh NS, Kim DC, Han MS, In MJ. 2003. Studies on quality characteristics and shelf-life of chlorella soybean curd (tofu). J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotech 46(1):12-15
  12. Lee SH, Choi DJ, Kim JG. 2003a. Effect of salt concentration on soybean leaf kimchi fermentation. Korean J Food Preserv 10(4):512-516
  13. Lee SH, Choi DJ, Kim JG. 2003b. The effect of chitosan addition on soybean leaf kimchi fermentation. Korean J Food Preserv 10(4):517-521
  14. Maubach J, Bracke ME, Heyerick A, Depypere HT, Serreyn RF, Mareel MM, DeKeukeleire D. 2003. Quantitation of soy-derived phytoestrogens in human breast tissue and biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chrom B 784:137-144 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1570-0232(02)00789-4
  15. Park BH, Cho HS, Jeon ER, Kim SD, Koh KM. 2009a. Quality characteristics of soybean curd prepared with lotus leaf powder. Korean J Food Culture 24(3):315-320
  16. Park BH, Cho HS, Jeon ER. Kim SD. 2009b. Quality characteristics of Jook prepared with lotus leaf powder. Korean J Food Cookery Sci 24(1):55-61
  17. Park YM. 2009. Quality characteristics of soybean curd prepared with Boehmeria nivea powder. Master's thesis. The Mokpo National University

Cited by

  1. Quality Characteristics of Kimchi Seasoning with Black Garlic vol.29, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2016.29.5.677
  2. The quality and sensory characteristics of tofu with various levels of black garlic extract vol.21, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2014.21.5.688
  3. Quality Characteristics of Tofu Added Ligularia fischeri Powder vol.28, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2013.28.5.495
  4. Preparation and characterization of fine powdered whole soybean curd vol.19, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5717/jenb.2015.15121804
  5. Contemplation on the Emergency Foods in Korea under the Japanese Occupation     vol.25, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17495/easdl.2015.10.25.5.721
  6. Quality Characteristics at Different Storage Temperatures and Periods for Shelf Life Evaluation of Takju vol.28, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.9799/ksfan.2015.28.1.104