Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Comparison of Ethanol Fermentation Properties between Laboratorial and Industrial Yeast Strains using Cassava Hydrolysate

카사바 당화액을 이용한 실험실용 및 산업용 효모의 에탄올 발효성능 비교

  • Chin, Young-Wook (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Woo (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Park, Yong-Cheol (Department of Advanced Fermentation Fusion Science and Technology, Kookmin University) ;
  • Seo, Jin-Ho (Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2012.07.30
  • Accepted : 2012.08.22
  • Published : 2012.09.28
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Abstract

In order to investigate the ethanol fermentation properties of alcohol yeasts a laboratorial strain (CEN.PK2-1D) and two industrial alcohol yeasts (JHS100 and JHS200) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were cultured in a pure YP medium with 300 g/L glucose and cassava hydrolysate. Spot assay and cell viability tests showed that both the JHS100 and JHS200 strains exhibited higher ethanol tolerance than the CEN.PK2-1D strain. The JHS100 strain demonstrated the highest cell growth, glucose consumption and ethanol production. In particular, an anaerobic batch fermentation of the JHS100 strain using cassava hydrolysate with 250 g/L glucose resulted in a 106.1 g/L ethanol concentration, 0.42 g/g ethanol yield and 3.15 g/L-hr ethanol productivity, which were 53%, 13%, 53% higher than the corresponding values for the CEN.PK2-1D strain. By changing the pure YP medium to cassava hydrolysate, 19% and 17% decreases in ethanol yield and productivity for the CEN.PK2-1D strain were observed, whereas the cultures of the JHS100 and JHS200 stains showed similar ethanol productivities and only an 8% decrease in ethanol yield. Furthermore, the JHS100 and JHS200 stains produced lower levels of glycerol and acetate byproducts than the CEN.PK2-1D strain. Consequently, the outstanding ethanol fermentation performance of the industrial strains might be owing to rapid cell growth, high ethanol tolerance, low nitrogen requirements and the low formation of by-products.

실험실용 효모 CEN.PK2-1D와 산업용 효모 JHS100와 JHS200의 ethanol 발효성능을 순수배지와 카사바 당화액에서 비교하고 발효특성을 규명하기 위해 세포성장속도와 ethanol 내성, 부산물 glycerol과 acetate의 생성에 대해 비교하였다. JHS100과 JHS200은 CEN.PK2-1D과 비교하여 세포성장이 빨랐으며 ethanol에 대한 내성이 높았다. 순수YP 배지에 300 g/L glucose를 탄소원으로 이용한 회분식 배양에서 세 효모 모두 0.46 g/g의 ethanol 생산수율을 나타냈으며 생산성은 세포성장속도가 가장 빨랐던 JHS100이 3.05 g/L-hr로 가장 높아서 최종적으로 JHS100 균주는 136.6 g/L의 ethanol을 생산하였다. 카사바 당화액에 질소원을 추가하지 않은 배지를 이용한 혐기성 회분식 배양에서 산업용 효모 JHS100은 106.1 g/L ethanol을 최종적으로 생산하였고, 0.42 g/g 생산수율과 3.15 g/L-hr 생산성을 보였다. 특히, 카사바 당화액과 순수 YP배지를 이용한 발효의 ethanol 생산변수를 비교할 경우, 실험실용 효모 CEN.PK2-1D는 생산수율과 생산성이 각각 19%와 17% 감소한 반면, 산업용 효모 JHS100과 JHS200은 생산수율이 8% 감소하였고 유사한 생산성을 보였다. 또한, ethanol 생산과정의 최대 부산물인 glycerol과 acetate의 생산에 대해서 JHS100과 JHS200이 CEN.PK2-1D에 비하여 크게 낮았다. 따라서 산업용 효모인 JHS100과 JHS200의 뛰어난 ethanol 발효성능은 빠른 세포성장과 높은 ethanol 내성, 낮은 질소원 요구성, 부산물인 glycerol과 acetate의 낮은 생산성 등에 기인하는 것으로 예상한다.

Keywords

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