Ocean and Polar Research

Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (한국해양과학기술원)
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Prevailing Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum (SCM) Layer in the East Sea and Its Relation to the Physico-Chemical Properties of Water Masses

동해 전역에 장기간 발달하는 아표층 엽록소 최대층과 수괴의 물리 화학적 특성과의 상관관계

  • Rho, TaeKeun (Department of Oceanography/Marine Research Institute, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Tongsup (Department of Oceanography/Marine Research Institute, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Guebuem (School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Chang, Kyung-Il (School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Na, TaeHee (BK21 School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Ryul (School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University)
  • 노태근 (부산대학교 자연과학대학 해양학과/해양연구소) ;
  • 이동섭 (부산대학교 자연과학대학 해양학과/해양연구소) ;
  • 김규범 (서울대학교 자연과학대학 지구환경과학부) ;
  • 장경일 (서울대학교 자연과학대학 지구환경과학부) ;
  • 나태희 (서울대학교 자연과학대학 BK21 지구환경과학 사업단) ;
  • 김경렬 (서울대학교 자연과학대학 지구환경과학부)
  • Received : 2012.05.29
  • Accepted : 2012.11.12
  • Published : 2012.12.30
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Abstract

To understand the scales of the spatial distribution and temporal duration of the subsurface chlorophyll-a maximum (SCM) observed in the Ulleung Basin of the East Sea, we analyzed physical and chemical data collected during the East Asian Seas Time-series-I (EAST-I) program. The SCM layer occurred at several observation lines from the Korea Strait to $37.9^{\circ}N$ in the Ulleung Basin during August of 2008 and 2011. At each observation line, the SCM layer extended from the coast to about 200 km off the coast. The SCM layer was observed between 30 and 40 m depth in the Ulleung Basin as well as in the northwestern Japan Basin along $132.3^{\circ}E$ from $38^{\circ}N$ to $42.3^{\circ}N$ during July 2009, and was observed around 50 m depth in the northeastern Japan Basin ($135-140^{\circ}E$ and $40-45^{\circ}N$) during July 2010. From these observed features, we hypothesize that the SCM layer observed in the Ulleung Basin may exist in most of the East Sea and may last for at least half-year (from the early May to late October). The nutrient supply mechanism for prolonged the SCM layer in the East Sea was not known, but it may be closely related to the horizontal advection of the nutrient rich and low oxygen waters observed in the Korea Strait between a 50 m depth to near the bottom. The prolonged development of the SCM layer in the Ulleung Basin may result in high primary production and would also be responsible for the high organic carbon content observed in the surface sediment of the region.

하계 울릉분지에서 관측된 SCM층은 울릉분지에만 국한되어 나타나는 것이 아니라 동해 전역에서 관측되었다. 각기 다른 시기에 관측된 여러 문헌 자료와 하계 동해 전역에서 관측된 자료에 의하면 SCM층이 나타나는 시기는 5월부터 10월 하순까지 나타나는 것으로 추정된다. SCM층 바로 상층부에 표층보다 높은 용존산소가 관측되었고, SCM층이 영양염의 농도가 급격하게 증가하는 수심에 나타나는 것으로 보아 침강이나 낮은 광량에 대한 식물플랑크톤의 생리적인 적응보다는 식물플랑크톤이 활발하게 성장하고 있음 시사한다. SCM층에서 식물플랑크톤이 오랜기간 동안 지속적으로 성장하기 위한 영양염 공급과정으로 수직 확산, 소형 및 중형동물플랑크톤의 재생산등이 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이들 과정은 SCM층에서 식물플랑크톤 질소 요구량의 약 50% 정도만 설명할 수 있어 SCM층의 질소 요구량에 대한 추가적인 공급기작으로는 난수성 소용돌이가 제시되었다. 그러나 난수성 소용돌이가 발달하지 않은 해역과 시기에 관측된 SCM층에 영양염은 고온 저염의 특성을 가지면서 영양염이 고갈된 표층수 아래에서 대한해협을 통해서 유입되는 영양염이 비교적 풍부한 해수가 울릉분지내로 유입되어 북상하면서 유광층까지 직접으로 상승하거나 수평이동 응력의 차이로 발생하는 난류혼합등에 의해서 추가적으로 공급되는 것으로 사료된다(Fig. 17). 그리고 동해 전역에서 5월에서 10월까지 존재하는 SCM층은 표층에서 심층으로의 유기물 수송에 상당히 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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