Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences (한국항공우주학회지)

The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (한국항공우주학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Technology of Control Moment Gyroscope and its Industrial Trend

제어 모멘트 자이로의 기술과 산업동향

  • Received : 2011.08.23
  • Accepted : 2011.12.20
  • Published : 2012.01.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The well-used actuators for the attitude control of spacecrafts are thruster, reaction wheel, control moment gyroscope, and magnetic torquer. Among them, the control moment gyroscope(CMG) which generates the torque based on the gyroscopic principle in physics, has an advantage of the high torque output compared to the low power consumption. This paper introduces an outline of CMG hardware technology, its application history in spacecrafts, and their associated hardware characteristics. Moreover, its spin-off cases to the other industrial fields such as ship, robotics, and MEMS including their research trend are provided.

인공위성 자세제어에 널리 사용되는 구동기는 추력기, 반작용휠, 제어 모멘트 자이로(CMG), 그리고 자장토커 등이 있다. 그 중에서 CMG는 물리학의 자이로스코프 원리에 의한 토크를 발생시키는 구동기로서 적은 소모 전력으로 큰 토크를 출력하는 장점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 CMG 하드웨어 기술의 개요와 위성분야 적용 사례 및 관련된 하드웨어의 특성을 소개하며 더불어 선박, 로봇, MEMS 등 타 분야의 활용사례와 연구동향을 제공한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Morse, A.R., "MSFC Skylab Apollo Telescope Mount," NASA Technical Memorandum, NASA TM X-64811, 1974.
  2. Lyndon B., "Lessons Learned on the Skylab Program," NASA Technical Memorandum, NASA TM X-72920, 1974.
  3. Roser, X. and Sghedoni, M., "Control Moment Gyroscopes (CMG's) and Their Application in Future Scientific Missions," Proc. 3rd International Conf. on Spacecraft Guidance, Navigation and Control Systems, 1997, pp. 523-528.
  4. Gurrisi, C., Seidel, R., Dickerson, S, and Didziulis, S., "Space Station Control Moment Gyroscope Lessons Learned," Proc of the 40th Aerospace Mechanisms Symposium, 2010, pp.161-175.
  5. DigitalGlobe, Inc., www.digitalglobe.com
  6. Astrium, www.astrium.eads.net
  7. Catalog of L-3Com DGCMG, www2.l-3com.com/spacenav/space_and_nav/space_products/dgcmg.htm
  8. Peck, M.A., Paluszek, M.A., Thomas, S.J. and Mueller, J.B., "Control-Moment Gyroscopes for Joint Actuation: A New Paradigm in Space Robotics," AIAA 1st Space Exploration Conf.: Continuing Voyage Discovery, 2005, pp.2005-2522.
  9. Defendini, A., Faucheux, P., Guay, P., Bangert, K., Heimel, H., Privat, M., Seiler, R, "Control Moment Gyro CMG 15-45S: a Compact CMG Product for Agile Satellites in the One Ton Class," Proc. of the 10th European Space Mechanisms and Tribology Symposium, 2003, pp.27-31
  10. Frederic, A.L., "Development Of the Spacecraft Orientation Buoyancy Experimental KIOSK," Dissertation Master of Science, University of Florida, 2008.
  11. Montfort, E., Kessab, M., Rennie, M., McGuinness, D. P., Palomo, P., Zwartbol, T., & Oving, B. A., "Real-time Test Bench with Control Moment Gyro in the Loop," Proc of the 6th International ESA Conference on Guidance, Navigation and Control Systems, 2006, pp.539-542.
  12. Catalog of Honeywell CMG M50, www51.honeywell.com/aero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/M50_Control_Moment_Gyroscope.pdf
  13. Catalog of CMG 15-45S, www.astrium.eads.net/media/document/control-momentum-gyro-cmg-15-45s.pdf
  14. SeaKeeper, Inc., www.seakeeper.com
  15. Ship Dynamics Pty Ltd., www.shipdynamics.com
  16. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., www.antirollinggyro.com
  17. Brown, D. and Peck, M, "Energetics of Control Moment Gyroscopes as Joint Actuators," Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, Vol. 33, No. 6, 2009, pp.1871-1883.
  18. Thornton, B., Ura, T. and Nose, Y., "Combined energy storage and three-axis attitude control of a gyroscopically actuated AUV," Proc. of OCEANS MTS/IEEE, 2008, pp.1-9.
  19. Reiter, J., Böhringer, K., Campbell, M., "MEMS Control Moment Gyroscope Design and Wafer-Based Spacecraft Chassis Study," Proc. SPIE, Vol. 3876, 1999, pp.122-128.
  20. Chang H., Jiao W., Fu Q., Xie J., Yuan W., "Design and Simulation of a MEMS Control Moment Gyroscope for the Sub-Kilogram Spacecraft," Sensors, Vol. 10, No. 4, 2010, pp.4130-4144. https://doi.org/10.3390/s100404130

Cited by

  1. Attitude Control of Spacecraft by Two Variable-Speed Control Moment Gyros vol.21, pp.11, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5302/J.ICROS.2015.15.0166
  2. Suitability of Singularity Indices for Steering Law Design of Control Moment Gyros vol.42, pp.12, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5139/JKSAS.2014.42.12.1020
  3. Development of 100Nm-class Control Moment Gyroscopes for Industrial Applications vol.43, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5139/JKSAS.2015.43.2.172
  4. A Study on High Agile Satellite Maneuver using Reaction Wheels and CMGs vol.41, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5139/JKSAS.2013.41.2.107
  5. A Study on Reducing Vibration of Washing Machine Using Gyroscope System vol.24, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5050/KSNVE.2013.24.2.117