Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Spatial Analysis of Ecological Characteristics for Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in Lake Hoengseong Region

횡성호 일대 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집구조의 생태적 특성 분석

  • Received : 2011.08.01
  • Accepted : 2012.02.16
  • Published : 2012.02.28
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Abstract

Benthic macroinvertebrates were investigated in Hoeongseong Lake region from March to October 2010, Korea. Macroinvertebrate communities, composition of the functional feeding groups, habitiat oriented groups and the biological water quality were assessed above and below Hoeongseong Dam in the lake region. Six sites, two (St.1~2) above the lake, two (St. 3~4) into the lake, and two (St. 5~6) below the dam, were selected for quantitative (Surber sampler $30cm{\times}30cm$, mesh size 0.2 mm) and qualitative (Hand net) samplings of benthic macroinvertebrates. As a result, a total of 83 species belonging to 43 families, 17 orders, 8 classes, and 5 phyla were recognized. The EPT-group (50 spp. : 60.24%) that is major taxa or EPT-group plus Diptera (61 spp. : 73.49%) occupied most of benthic macroinvertebrates community. Based on quantitative sampling, the number of benthic maroinvertebrates above the lake was 2,399 individuals including 54 species, 28 families, 11 orders, 4 classes, and 4 phyla, whereas 510 individuals including 16 species, 12 families, 7 orders, 4 classes, and 3 phyla in the lake and 626 individuals including 62 species, 33 families, 13 orders, 6 classes, and 4 phyla below the dam were collected respectively. Dominance index was the highest, with 0.82-0.93 ($0.87{\pm}0.05$) in Hoeongseong lake (St. 3-4), diversity index was 3.04-3.16 ($3.10{\pm}0.06$), evenness index was 0.79-0.85 ($0.82{\pm}0.03$), and richness index was 7.27-8.52 ($7.90{\pm}0.63$), which were relatively higher below the dam sites. In the functional feeding groups, collector-gatherers and collector-filterers were the highest in the whole sites, and predators (Micronecta sedula) was appeared highly in the lake. Moreover, swimmers, burrowers, and clingers were considerably occupied in all collecting sites. The result of the DCA, similarity analysis, and MRPP were well reflective of the composition of lake and stream macroinvertebrates. ESB indicate that the lake sites were evaluated heavily polluted under priority improvement waters. Also, Semisulcospira gottschei, Ecdyonurus kibunensis, Epeorus pellucidus, Rhoenanthus coreanus, Stenelmis sp., and Cheumatopsyche brevilineata are considered as an indicator species above and below Hoeongseong Lake, whereas Macrobrachium nipponense and Micronecta sedula are indicated in the lake.

본 연구는 2010년 3월부터 10월까지 강원도 횡성군 청일면에서 갑천군 수백리 일대의 횡성호와 횡성호 상 하류지역을 선정하여 저서성 대형무척추동물의 군집구조, 섭식기능군 및 서식기능군 분포, 생물학적 수질을 평가하였다. 조사지역은 횡성호 상류 2개지점(St. 1~2), 횡성호 2개지점(St. 3~4), 횡성호 하류 2개지점(St. 5~6)의 총 6개 조사지점을 선정하여 총 3회에 걸쳐 계류형 정량채집망(Surber sampler $30cm{\times}30cm$, 망목 0.2mm)을 사용하여 정량채집 하였고, 조사지점별 정확한 저서성 대형무척추동물상을 파악하기 위하여 각 조사지점에서 미소서식처에 따른 정성채집을 병행하였다. 조사결과 총 5문 8강 17목 43과 83종이 출현하였으며, 하천의 주요 분류군인 하루살이-강도래-날도래군(EPT-group)이 50종(60.24%)을 차지하였고, 파리목(Diptera)을 더하면 61종(73.49%)으로 전체 출현종의 대부분을 차지하였다. 정량분석시 횡성호 상류지역의 저서성 대형무척추동물은 총 4문 4강 11목 28과 54종 2,399개체, 횡성호에서 총 3문 4강 7목 12과 16종 510개체, 횡성호 하류지역에서 총 4문 6강 13목 33과 62종 626개체가 출현하였다. 군집분석 결과 우점도지수는 0.82~0.93($0.87{\pm}0.05$)으로 횡성호에서 높게 분석되었고, 다양도지수는 3.04~3.16($3.10{\pm}0.06$), 균등도지수는 0.79~0.85($0.82{\pm}0.03$), 풍부도지수는 7.27~8.52($7.90{\pm}0.63$)로 횡성호 하류지역에서 상대적으로 높게 분석되었다. 섭식기능군은 collector-gatherers와 collector-filterers가 높았으며, 횡성호에서는 predators가 상대적으로 풍부하였다. 서식기능군은 swimmers, burrowers, clingers가 대부분을 차지하였다. DCA 서열법과 유사도 분석 결과 횡성호와 횡성호 상 하류지역의 두 개의 그룹으로 명확하게 구분되었으며, 조사지역별 종조성을 MRPP로 분석한 결과, 횡성호와 횡성호 상 하류지역은 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 생물학적 수질평가를 나타내는 ESB 지수는 횡성호에서 매우불량한 최우선개선수역으로 평가되었다. 조사지역별 지표종은 횡성호 상류지역에서 두점 하루살이, 부채하루살이, 꼬마줄날도래 등 3종, 횡성호에서 징거미새우, 꼬마물벌레 등 2종, 횡성호 하류지역에서 곳체 다슬기, 강하루살이, 긴다리여울벌레류 등 3종이 유의한 지표종으로 분석되었다.

Keywords

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