Korean Journal of Breeding Science (한국육종학회지)

The Korean Society of Breeding Science (한국육종학회)
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Evaluation of Pre-harvest Sprouting in Korean Wheat Cultivar

국내산 밀 품종의 수발아 저항성 평가

  • Published : 2012.12.31
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Abstract

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) reduces the quality and economic value of grain. Therefore improving PHS tolerance is one of the most important traits of wheat breeding program. The objectives of this study were to evaluate PHS resistance of 28 Korean wheat cultivars and to identify molecular markers associated with PHS resistance to improve the breeding process. PHS was evaluated using both mist spray in the humid chamber and artificial rain fall in the greenhouse and germination index (GI) also was determined for two years. Both evaluation of PHS and GI were significantly influenced by genotype and the interaction between year and genotype, but GI was appeared to be more stable across the year than evaluation of PHS. GI was positively correlated with both percentage of PHS induced by mist spray (r = 0.612, P < 0.001) and artificial rain (r = 0.659, P < 0.001). Sukang and Uri could be used for artificial crossing to improve PHS resistance in Korean wheat breeding program because these cultivars showed lower values in both PHS evaluations and GI compared to other varieties. One STS (sequence tagged sites) and two SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers were also applied to evaluate the suitability for PHS resistance selection. The frequencies of Viviparous-1B (Vp-1B) alleles which were detected by STS marker associated with PHS resistance, were Vp-1Ba (57.1%) > Vp-1Bc (25.0%) > Vp-1Bd (10.7%). However, variation of Vp-1B alleles did not related to PHS resistance in Korean wheat cultivars. Two SSR markers, ZXQ118 and Xhbe03 which located on chromosome 4AL, showed less variation than Vp-1B alleles. These SSR makers did not correlate with PHS resistance and GI, although white grain with 504 bp at ZXQ118 and 146bp at Xhbe03 showed higher percentage of PHS and GI value than red grain. Therefore, it will need to develop an efficient and reliable co-dominant marker in the evaluation of Korean wheat cultivars for PHS tolerance.

수발아 평가와 GI 평가는 정의 상관을 나타내었고, GI 평가는 년차간 변이를 나타내지 않아서 향후 수발아 저항성 계통 평가에 활용이 가능하지만 품종과 연차간 상호작용에서 변이가 나타나기 대문에 향후 지속적인 평가를 통하여 활용여부를 결정해야 할 것으로 생각한다. 수강밀과 우리밀은 수발아율과 GI 모두 낮게 나타나서 수발아 저항성 자원으로 활용될 수 있으며, 국내 밀 품종에는 없지만 수발아 저항성 외국 자원에서 나타나는 Vp-1Bb와 Vp-1Bf는 수발아 저항성 증진을 위해 도입을 고려해야 할 것이다. 염색체 4AL에 존재하며 외국 밀 품종에서 효과적으로 활용되고 있는 SSR 마커인 ZXQ118와 Xhbe03를 이용하여 국내 밀 품종을 평가한 결과, 국내 밀 품종의 변이 폭이 다양하지 않아 이들 표지 인자를 이용하여 수발아 저항성 품종을 구별하기는 어려웠기 때문에 앞으로 국내 밀에서 수발아 저항성 계통 선발에 활용이 가능한 마커 개발에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

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