Effect of Die Geometry and Carbon Dioxide Injection on Physical Properties of Extruded Corn Flour

사출구 구조와 탄산가스 주입이 옥수수 압출성형물의 물리적 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Gu, Bon-Jae (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University) ;
  • Ryu, Gi-Hyung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University)
  • Published : 2012.05.31

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of die geometry and carbon dioxide injection on the physical properties of extruded corn flour. The extrusion variables were melt temperatures of 95 and $1100^{\circ}C$; carbon dioxide gas flow rates of 0, 100 and 200 mL/min. In die dimension, the length was 2 or 5 mm and the tapered angle of die hole was 57 or $95^{\circ}$. The specific mechanical energy (SME) input was the lowest at $1100^{\circ}C$ melt temperature, 200 mL/min carbon dioxide gas flow rate and $3.36{\times}10^{-10}\;m^{3}$ die constant. The sectional expansion of corn flour extrudate was higher at $57^{\circ}$ than that at $95^{\circ}$ tapered angle. Also, the sectional expansion was increased with increasing carbon dioxide injection flow rate from 0 mL/min to 200 mL/min. The specific length was increased with increasing carbon dioxide injection rate. The density, breaking strength and apparent elastic modulus were lower in the low die constant. Extruded corn flour at $95^{\circ}$ tapered angle had more pores than one at $57^{\circ}$ tapered angle.

사출구의 기하학적 구조와 탄산가스 주입량이 압출성형물의 물리적 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 사출구의 기하학적 구조를 사출구상수로 산출하여 사출구상수와 수분함량, 용융물의 온도, 탄산가스 주입량에 따른 압출성형물의 물리적 특성을 분석하였다. 압출성형 공정변수는 수분함량 30%, 스크루 회전속도 150 rpm, 원료 투입량 100 g/min, 용융물의 온도(95, $1100^{\circ}C$), 탄산가스 주입량(0, 100, 200 mL/min), 사출구 길이(2, 5 mm), 내벽에서 좁아지는 각(57, $95^{\circ}$) 이었다. 비기계적 에너지 투입량은 사출구 상수 $3.36{\times}10^{-10}\;m^{3}$, 탄산가스 주입량 200 mL/min, 용융물의 온도가 $1100^{\circ}C$ 일 때 159.31 kJ/kg으로 가장 낮은 비기계적 에너지 투입량을 나타내었다. 또한 직경팽화율은 내벽에서 좁아지는 각이 $57^{\circ}$($3.36{\times}10^{-10}$, $6.82{\times}10^{-10}\;m^{3}$)일 때 $95^{\circ}$($3.64{\times}10^{-10}$, $8.09{\times}10^{-10}\;m^{3}$)보다 높은 경향을 보였으며, 탄산가스 주입량이 0 mL/min에서 200 mL/min으로 증가함에 따라 직경팽화율은 증가하였다. 탄산가스 주입량이 증가할수록 비길이는 증가하는 경향을 나타냈으며, 사출구 상수가 낮을 때 밀도와 파괴력, 겉보기 탄성계수는 낮은 경향을 나타내었다. 압출성형물의 미세구조를 관찰하였을 때 용융물의 온도 $1100^{\circ}C$에서 내벽에서 좁아지는 각이 $95^{\circ}$($3.64{\times}10^{-10}$, $8.09{\times}10^{-10}\;m^{3}$)일 때 $57^{\circ}$ ($3.36{\times}10^{-10}$, $6.82{\times}10^{-10}\;m^{3}$)보다 기공의 수가 많았다.

Keywords

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