Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Plum or Omija on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Defense System in Broiler Chickens

육계 사료 내 매실 및 오미자 첨가가 성장, 혈액 생화학 성분 및 항산화 작용에 미치는 영향

  • Ko, Young-Hyun (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Moon, Yang-Soo (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Sohn, Sea-Hwan (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jung, Chang-Yong (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jang, In-Surk (Department of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 고영현 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) ;
  • 문양수 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) ;
  • 손시환 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) ;
  • 정장용 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) ;
  • 장인석 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과)
  • Received : 2012.03.26
  • Accepted : 2012.05.22
  • Published : 2012.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

To investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of freeze-dried plum (Prunus mume Siebold and Zucc., PMS) or omija meal (Schizandra chinensis Baill.; SCB) on growth performance, organ weights, blood biochemical profiles and antioxidant defense system, a total of 96, 3-day-old male broiler chickens were assigned to three dietary groups: (1) control diet, (2) control diet supplemented with PMS at 0.2%, (3) control diet supplemented with SCB at 0.2%. In vitro antioxidant activity, plum and omija extracts showed a significantly higher radical scavenging activity (RSA). In particular, omija extract showed much higher RSA than plum extract. Dietary addition of plum or omija did not affect body weight, feed intake, feed conversion and the relative weight of digestive organ in birds. Plasma triglyceride significantly (P<0.05) increased in birds fed the diet supplemented with omija compared with those fed control diet without affecting the other blood biochemical components. Furthermore, reduced form of glutathione (GSH) in the liver or muscle significantly (P<0.05) increased in birds fed the diet fortified with plum and omija. However, the specific activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and MDA (malondealdehyde) in the intestine, liver and muscle were not altered by dietary antioxidant sources. In conclusion, dietary plum and omija resulted in a positive effect on some antioxidant indicators such as increased in vitro RAS in extracts and in vivo GSH level in the liver and muscle without affecting growth performance. Therefore, dietary addition of 0.2% of plum or omija could be applicable as potential antioxidant sources in broiler chick production.

본 연구는 매실과 오미자 분말을 첨가한 사료를 급여하여 육계의 성장과 사료 효율, 소화 장기 무게, 혈액 성상 및 체내 항산화 방어 작용에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하기 위하여 실시되었다. 실험 설계로서 3일령 육계 96수를 각 처리구당 32수씩(n=8) 대조구(CON), 매실 0.2%(PMS) 및 오미자 0.2%(SCB) 등 3 처리구에 완전임의 배치하여 35일령까지 사양시험을 실시하였다 전 시험기간(3~35일령)의 체중, 증체량, 사료 섭취량 및 사료 요구율은 천연물 첨가에 따른 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 간, 소장, 췌장 등과 같은 소화기관 무게 역시 매실과 오미자 첨가에 따른 영향을 받지 않았다. 혈액 생화학 성상을 살펴보면 오미자 첨가구는 대조구보다 triglyceride 수준이 유의적으로 증가되었지만(P<0.05), glucose, total protein, cholesterol, HDLC, LDLC등과 같은 성분은 유의적 변화가 없었다. 또한 오미자 첨가구가 매실 첨가구에 비해 유의적으로 혈중 glucose 함량이 증가하였다(P<0.05). 항산화 방어 작용에 대한 지표를 분석한 결과, in vitro에서 매실 및 오미자는 높은 항산화 소거능(RSA)을 보였으며, 특히 오미자 추출물에서 더욱 높게 나타났다. 또한 간 또는 근육 조직의 GSH 함량은 오미자 및 매실 첨가구가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 증가되었다(P<0.05). 그러나 소장점막세포, 간 및 근육에서 SOD, GPX 및 GST와 같은 항산화 효소의 활성도 및 지질과산화도(MDA)는 처리구간에 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 0.2% 수준의 매실 및 오미자분말의 급여는 육계의 사양성적 및 장기무게에 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 이들 물질은 체 조직에서 항산화력을 증가시키므로 육계 사료 내 천연 항산화소재로서 이용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Stohs SJ, Das DK, Ray SD, Kuszynski CA, Joshi SS, Pruess HG 2000 Free radicals and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract: Importance in human health and disease prevention. Toxicol 148:187-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00210-9
  2. Baker MA, Cerniglia GJ, Zaman A 1990 Microtiter plate assay for the measurement of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in large numbers of biological samples. Anal Biochem 190:360-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(90)90208-Q
  3. Bidlack WR, Tappel AL 1973 Damage to microsomal membrane by lipid peroxidation. Lipid 8:177-182. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02544631
  4. Blois MS 1958 Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 26:1199-1200.
  5. Bong MH, Ji SY, Park JC, Moon HK, Lee SC, Lee JH, Hong JK 2011 Effects of feeding plum and red ginseng marc on vital reaction in broiler stress. Kor J Poult Sci 38(3):213-223. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2011.38.3.213
  6. Burk RF, Trumble MJ, Lavrence RA 1980 Rat hepatic cytosolic glutathione dependent enzyme protection against lipid peroxidation in the NADPH-microsomal lipid peroxidation system. Biochim Biophys Acta 618:35-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(80)90051-X
  7. Dogasaki C, Murakami H, Nishijima M, Yamamoto K, Miyazaki T 1992 Antimutagenic activities of hexane extracts of the fruit extract and the kernels of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. Yakugaku Zasshi 112:577-584. https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.112.8_577
  8. Duncan DB 1955 Multiple range and multiple F test. Biometrics 11:1-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
  9. Fridovich I 1974 Superoxide dismutase. Enzymol 41:36-40.
  10. Habig WH, Phobst MJ, Jakoby WB 1974 Glutathionine S transferase: The first enzymatic steps in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem 249:7130-7139.
  11. Han JT, Lee SY, Kim KN, Baeg NI 2001 Rutin, antioxidant compound isolated from the fruit of Prunus meme. J Kor Soc Appl Bio Chem 44(1):35-37.
  12. Hasegawa M 1959 Flavonoids of various prunus species. J Org Chem 24:408-409. https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01085a036
  13. Hernandez F, Madrid J, Garcıa V, Orengo J and Megıas MD. 2004 Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility and digestive organ size. Poult Sci 83:169-174. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/83.2.169
  14. Hong SJ, Namkung H, Paik IK 2001 Effects of herbal products ($Miracle20^{(R)}$) on the performance, nutrient digestibility, small intestinal microflora and immune response in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Technol 43(5):671-680.
  15. Jamroz D, Kamel C 2002 Plant extracts enhance broiler performance. J Anim Sci 80 (Suppl 1):4.
  16. Jang IS, Ko YH, Kang SY, Lee CY 2007 Effect of a commercial essential oil on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal microflora population in broiler chickens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 134:304-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.06.009
  17. Jang IS, Ko YH, Kang SY, Moon YS, Sohn SH 2007 Effect of dietary supplementation of grape seed meal on growth performance and antioxidant defense status in the intestine and liver from broiler chickens. Kor J Poult Sci 34(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2007.34.1.001
  18. Kameoka H, Kitagawa C 1976 Constituents of the fruits of Prunus mume Sieb et Zucc. Nippon Nogei Kagaku Kaishi 50:389-393. https://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.50.9_389
  19. Kang SY, Lee MH, Ko YH, Sohn SH, Moon YS, Jang IS 2010 Effect of dietary supplementation of Acanthopanax senticosus and Eucommia ulmoides on antioxidant defense system in laying hens. Kor J Poult Sci 37(1):15-22. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2010.37.1.015
  20. Kim BJ, Kim JH, Kim HP, Heo MY. 1997. Biological screening of 100 plants extract for cosmetic use (II): antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activity. Int J Cosmet Sci 9:299-307.
  21. Kim DW, Kim SH, Yu DJ, Kang GH, Kim JH, Kang HG, Jang BG, Na JC, Suh OS, Jang IS, Lee KH 2007. Effects of single or mixed supplements of plant extract, fermented medicinal plants and lactobacillus on growth performance in broilers. Kor J Poult Sci 34(3):187-196. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2007.34.3.187
  22. Kim JS 1995 New Chinese Medicine, You Sung publishing Co, Seoul. pp 265-266.
  23. Ko YH, Lee SS, Jang IS 2010 Effects of dietary supplementation of ginkgo leaf and pumpkin on the growth performance, intestinal microflora, blood biochemical profile and antioxidant status in broiler chickens. Kor J Poult Sci 37(1):23-33. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2010.37.1.023
  24. Ko YH, Yang HY, Kang SY, Kim ES, Jang IS 2007 Effects of blend of Prunus mume extract as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, activity of digestive enzymes and microflora population in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Technol 49(5):611-620. https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2007.49.5.611
  25. Lee HA, Nam ES, Park SI 2003 Antimicrobial activity of maesil (Prunus mume) juice against selected pathogenic microorganisms. Kor J Food Nutr 16(1):29-34.
  26. Lee KW, Evert H, Kappert HJ, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen AC 2003 Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 44(3):450-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/0007166031000085508
  27. Lim JW 1999a Studies on the antibacterial and physiological activities of Prunus mume. MS Thesis Kyunghee Univ. Suwon, Korea.
  28. Lim JW 1999b Functional activity of Maesil (Prunus mume). Proceeding of the Korean J Food Nutr Conference. pp 21-37.
  29. Lin T, Yang MS 2007 Benzo[a]pyrene-induced elevation of GSH level protects against oxidative stress and enhances xenobiotic detoxification in human HepG2 cells. Toxicol 235(1-2):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2007.03.002
  30. Liu C, Zhang S, Wu H 2009 Non-thermal extraction of effective ingredients from Schisandra chinensis Baill. and the antioxidant activity of its extract. Nat Prod Res 23(15): 1390-1401. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786410902726100
  31. Matsuzaki Y, Matsuzaki T, Ono H, Koguchi S, Takeda S, Funos S, Aburada M, Hosoya E, Oyama T 1991 Study on the metabolic fate of gomisin A (TJN-101).II. Absorption and excretion in CCl4 treated rats. Yakugaku Zasshi 111:531-537. https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.111.9_531
  32. Mirshekar R, Dastar B, Shabanpour B 2009 Effect of rosemary, echinacea, green tea extracts and ascorbic acid on broiler meat quality. Pak J Biol Sci 12(15):1069-1074. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2009.1069.1074
  33. Nakajima K, Taguchi H, Ikeya Y, Endo T, Yosioka I 1983 Constituents of Schizandra chinensis Baill. XIII. Quantitative analysis of lignans in the fruits of Schizandra chinensis Baill. by high performance liquid chromatography. Yakugaku Zasshi 103:743-749. https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.103.7_743
  34. Niu XY, Wang WJ, Bian ZJ, Ren ZH 1983 Effects of Schizandrol A. an active principle from the dried fruits of Schizandra chinensis Baill. on the central nervous system. Acta Pharm Sin 18:416-421.
  35. SAS 1996 User's Guide: Statistics Version 6.12 Ed. SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC.
  36. Seifried HE, Anderson DE, Fisher EI, Milner JA 2007 A review of the interaction among dietary antioxidants and reactive oxygen species. Review. J Nutr Biochem 18(9):567-579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2006.10.007
  37. Sladkovsky R, Solich P, Opletal L 2001 Simultaneous determination of quercetin, kaempferol and (E)-cinnamic acid in vegetative organs of Schisandra chinensis Baill. by HPLC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 24:1049-1054. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(00)00539-2
  38. Sohn SH, Jang IS, Moon YS, Kim YJ, Lee SH, Ko YH, Kang HK 2008 Effect of dietary Siberian ginseng and eucommmia on broiler performance, serum biochemical profiles and telomere length. Kor J Poult Sci 35(3):283-290. https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2008.35.3.283
  39. Tang SZ, Kerry JP, Sheehan D, Buckley DJ, Morrissey PA 2000 Dietary tea catechins and iron-induced lipid oxidation in chicken meat, liver and heart. Meat Sci 56(3):285-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(00)00055-3
  40. Tappel AL, Fleischer S, Packer L 1978 Glutathionine peroxidase and hydroperoxidies. In:Methods in Enzymology (Ed. S. Fleischer and L. Packer). Academic press. 52:506-513.
  41. Tsubaki S, Ozaki Y, Azuma J 2010 Microwave-assisted autohydrolysis of Prunus mume stone for extraction of polysaccharides and phenolic compounds. J Food Sci 75(2):C152-159. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01466.x
  42. Wang RJ, Li DF, Bourne S 1998 Can 2000 years of herbal medicine history help us solve problems in the year 2000? Biotechnology in the feed industry. Proceedings of Alltech's 14th Annual Symposium. pp 273-291.
  43. Workoff AV, Ketley JN, Waggoner JG 1978 Hepatic accumulation and intracellular binding of conjugated bilirubin. J Clin Invest 61:142-149. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI108912
  44. Yao HT, Chang YW, Chen CT, Chiang MT, Chang L, Yeh TK 2008 Shengmai San reduces hepatic lipids and lipid peroxidation in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet. J Ethnopharmacol 116(1):49-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.10.043

Cited by

  1. Effect of Supplementation of Acanthopanax senticosus on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Profiles and Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Broiler Chicks vol.42, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2015.42.3.197
  2. Studies on Bioactive Substances and Antioxidant Activities of Marine Algae from Jeju Island vol.8, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.15433/ksmb.2016.8.1.030
  3. Comparison of Physiological Changes in Broiler Chicken Fed with Dietary Processed Sulfur vol.20, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2013.20.2.278
  4. Influence of supplementalSchisandra chinensispowder on growth performance, serum cholesterol, and meat quality of broilers vol.63, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2013.861861