Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Chemical and Free Radical-scavenging Activity Changes of Ginsenoside Re by Maillard Reaction and Its Possible Use as a Renoprotective Agent

  • Yamabe, Noriko (Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama) ;
  • Song, Kyung-Il (Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Woo-Jung (Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Han, Im-Ho (Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Ji-Hwan (Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Ham, Jung-Yeob (Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Su-Nam (Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Park, Jeong-Hill (Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kang, Ki-Sung (Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2012.03.02
  • Accepted : 2012.04.17
  • Published : 2012.07.15
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Abstract

Reactive oxygen species play critical role in kidney damage. Free radical-scavenging activities of Panax ginseng are known to be increased by heat-processing. The structural change of ginsenoside and the generation of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are closely related to the increased free radical-scavenging activities. In the present study, we have demonstrated the Maillard reaction model experiment using ginsenoside Re and glycine mixture to identify the renoprotective effect of MRPs from ginseng or ginsenosides. Ginsenoside Re was transformed into less-polar ginsenosides, namely Rg2, Rg6 and F4 by heat-processing. The free radical-scavenging activity of ginsenoside Re-glycine mixture was increased in a temperature-dependant manner by heatprocessing. The improved free radical-scavenging activity by heat-processing was mediated by the generation of antioxidant MRPs which led to the protection of LLC-PK1 renal epithelial cells from oxidative stress. Although the free radical scavenging activities of less-polar ginsenosides were weak, they could protect LLC-PK1 cells from oxidative stress. Therefore, MRPs and less-polar ginsenosides contributed to the combined renoprotective effects against oxidative renal damage.

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References

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